Environmental Controversy: Population Growth And Soil Fertility Problem Solution Essay Online Essay Help

“Didot’s Invention”: A Great Example of a Logical Thinking and Writing Essay essay help online

Introduction Typecasting: On the Arts and Science of Human Inequality by Ewen deals with stereotypes which exist or rather rule in the human society. The book also highlights the development of human societies from medieval times up to modernity. Chapter 3 under the title “Didot’s Invention” reveals the essence of the phenomenon of stereotypes.

First, Ewen considers the history of the word itself: Didot’s invention is, in fact, stereotypes which were used in printing. Then the author dwells upon the introduction of the word into the cultural and social life and points out that Lippman was the first to use the word in that context. Ewen deals with Lippman’s approach to stereotypes’ understanding.

The author then notes that cinematography has become a powerful plant of creating stereotypes. The author finally states that stereotypes should be regarded as a result of the society development. It is necessary to point out that the essay under consideration is logic and concise. The author follows the major principles and rules of logical thinking and writing.

The essay’s logical composition Generalizing

Proper logical composition of the essay can be traced throughout the entire paper. The essay has quite a strong start. It opens up with a general statement: “Stereotypes make sense of the big, complex, often transient world that confronts us” (Ewen 51). Thus, the author introduces the reader to the main point of the essay and stipulates his position which is, in fact, quite undisputable. The author stipulates the fact which is generally accepted. Ewen resorts to general statement which make his very first claim sound since “what is being attributed to the class represented by the subject is (a) true and (b) in fact applies to the entire class” (McInerny 42).

Causes and effects

According to McInerny effects and phenomena are of primary concern for humans (32). Thus, first people are “confronted with a phenomenon” and then start “seeking an explanation for it” (McInerny 32). The chapter opens up with a statement that modern life is full of stereotypes which rule humans’ minds. The rest of the paper is an explanation of the statement. The author explains what events led to such situation. This makes the reading easy to follow for the reader since the paper meets human’s brain requirements, so to speak.

Digging out primary cause

It is necessary to add that the author does not only provide his reasoning supporting it with some facts. The author digs to the core cause which explains the effect. McInerny points out that “causes often arrange themselves in a series” (33). The essay under consideration provides this range. First, Ewen provides background information that the development of printing was crucial for the development of stereotypes (52).

Secondly, the author points out that media is a potent tool for the formation and spread of stereotypes. Finally, the essay provides the major reason for the development of stereotypes which is the peculiarity of human brain: “To traverse the world men must have maps of the world” (qtd. in Ewen 52).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In other words the author explains that stereotypes are those necessary maps which guide people. Admittedly, media is only the secondary reason for the development and spread of stereotypes since human brain activity is the primary cause.

Defining terms

Interestingly, before providing causes the author defines the word “stereotype” and dwell upon the history of the word. The author states that it is a certain image used in printing, and this makes the reader understand the primary meaning of the word better. McInerny claims that defining terms is the “most effective way to avoid vagueness or ambiguity” (37).

“Didot’s Invention” is a great example of that claim since from the very beginning the reader grasps the essence of the phenomenon considered. It is important to add that the essay provides two definitions: the meaning of the word accepted nowadays, and the meaning of the word at times when it was first introduced. No ambiguity is possible due to this trick.

The use of arguments

Apart from the absence of ambiguity and the favorable structure, the essay is also characterized by the proper argumentation since it contains only “categorical statements” (McInerny 41). As McInerny has put it the “categorical statement tells us that something definitely is the case” (41). Thus, the essay contains certain facts, dates and names. For instance, Ewen names the person who coined the term, Fermin Didot (51). In fact, every paragraph of the essay contains certain piece of relevant data which makes the author’s arguments credible.

It is also important to note that the author’s reasoning is formed by the appropriate argumentation which consists of a premise and conclusion. McInerny points out that both parts of argumentation (premise and conclusion) should be strong enough to create a proper argument (70). It is possible to analyze one of the arguments provided by Ewen:

The invention of stereotype technology multiplied the variety of printed materials that could be produced, hastened the mass production of print and the growth of a mass readership. More than ever before, unprecedented numbers of people could now consume the same ideas and information simultaneously. (52)

The premise in this case is the development of mass printing which led to people’s access to information, which is the conclusion. Thus, since the premise is credible enough, and is, in fact, true, the reader accepts that the conclusion is also true.

We will write a custom Essay on “Didot’s Invention”: A Great Example of a Logical Thinking and Writing specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Besides, the same passage can illustrate the author’s precision to the appropriate presentation of premises and conclusions. Thus, the premise should be regarded as a particular statement since there is an identification of quantity: “the variety of printed materials”. The author does not use universal statement like “all printed materials” or simply “printed material” which would denote “all”.

As far as the conclusion is concerned, particular statement is used as well: “unprecedented numbers of people”. It is not said “all people”. McInerny points out that such precision is extremely important in terms of the argument validity (77). Thus, the author’s arguments are valid due to his attention not only to the content of his arguments and statements, but even to the quantity in these statements.

It is also necessary to add that the entire essay incorporates the same pattern: one premise, one conclusion. The passage provided can be regarded as a good example of the pattern. McInerny states that the use of one premise gives the “argument sharper focus and therefore greater impact” (88). This claim is true when analyzing the essay under consideration since it provides arguments which are precise and valid. Thus, the reader can easily follow the author’s argumentation and can understand the major point of the writing.

Critique of the essay “Didot’s Invention”

The essay under consideration is characterized by good structure, appropriate reasoning and good cohesion. These features make the essay easy to follow and therefore interesting to read. The author managed to convey the major idea of the essay, i.e. stereotypes emerged in the Middle Ages and since then they have ruled people’s minds.

As far as the essays’ structure is concerned, it is necessary to point out that the author uses quite easy but very effective structure. First, Ewen introduces his topic, providing the word’s definition and stating that stereotypes play an important role in the society.

Secondly, he provides some interesting background information about the word which grasps readers’ attention and enables them to understand better the topic. Finally, the author provides his reasoning explaining point after point, and readers easily follow the text draw the same conclusions as author does.

Apart from the easy structure readers benefit from precise reasoning provided by the author. Each statement is valid and supported by the necessary arguments. Basically, the author does not overload the essay with superfluous arguments, which make it easier to grasp the main idea, but at the same time to be sure in its relevance.

Finally, the author’s arguments are provided in the appropriate order and the paper is coherent. Each paragraph is linked to the previous one which enables the reader to follow the author. There are the necessary ties among the arguments, therefore the reader is not lost in the author’s reasoning.

Not sure if you can write a paper on “Didot’s Invention”: A Great Example of a Logical Thinking and Writing by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On balance, the essay contains facts and arguments which support the author’s statement about the role of stereotypes in the contemporary world.

[supanova_question]

The Effects of Literary, Spiritual and Scientific Concerns on Bodegones and Still Life Paintings during the Spanish Golden Age Essay custom essay help: custom essay help

Introduction Still paintings and bodegones were very popular during the Spanish golden age. Still paintings and bodegones are artistic works that are at times characterized by inanimate representations. During the Spanish golden era, they were usually portrayed by the arrangement of objects in such anesthetic manner. Unlike those of the rest of Europe that portrayed pleasure, luxurious and flamboyant lifestyles of plentitude, the Spanish still paintings and bodegones had moral and economical cost cutting elements (Thacker, 2007).

This was because of the major influence of spiritual and scientific concerns of the time which in turn affected the much fancied literature works. The backgrounds were made in a geometrically designed blocks. Economic management, budgeting and cost cutting as emphasized in the society of the time were reflected in the paintings.

The Portrait of Pope Innocent X Diego Velázquez did this Painting. The painter had been mainly influenced by religion in his early paintings and was done when the Spanish painter visited Italy. The painting reflected the respected and charismatic leader of the Catholic Church. The painting mainly represented the head, which had been expertly drawn using the aesthetic variety of the combinations of the crimson curtain. Due to the influence of the church, other artists redrew the painting in imitative style numerous times and Diego’s fame rapidly spread all over Italy.

Before making the painting Diego had to prove that he was capable of painting the image of the pope with success. He was required to first paint the Pope’s closest associates which he did with success and hence allowed to make this portrait. The portrait is considered by many as one of the finest and most surreal painting ever to be made.

For an artist to be permitted an audience with the Pope, he had to be very renowned and widely acclaimed. For all artists, it was a life long dream to paint the pope. During this time, the church had a widespread influence on all sectors. The portrait was preserved where it continues to fascinate those who get a glimpse at it.

Still life with Lemons oranges and a rose This masterpiece, which is still at display at the Norton Simon Museum, is a classical representation of the scientific and spiritual influence on the paintings of the Spanish golden era. The background is silhouetted against pitch darkness being illuminated by a kind of glaring dazzling unearthly light.

It portrays the images as if they are in three dimensions though they are in two dimensions. Zurbaran, the artist behind the awesome painting, is best remembered for his classical paintings of spiritual figures. He was fond of painting saints and his paintings depicted the saints’ devotion, dedication, and visions(Walther

[supanova_question]

Preventing Occurrence of an Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico Research Paper scholarship essay help

Table of Contents BP Public Company Limited

Halliburton

Transocean

Cameron International Corporation

Works Cited

The recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico has left many people astonished because the companies that are associated with it are among the most reputable organizations. The companies include BP public limited company, Halliburton, Transocean, and Cameron International Corporation.

These companies are the major players in the explosion that killed eleven people and released an estimated five million barrels of oil into the gulf. This paper will focus on the roles that were supposed to be played by these companies towards preventing the occurrence of an oil spill.

This is not the first oil spill to occur in the energy sector because the others that have happened in the past were expected to be a wake up call for organizations dealing with oil products to be prepared in handling such disasters. When oil leaks into the waters, it causes serious damage to the ecosystems that are occupied by both plants and animals.

The oil layer covers the water body and hinders light and oxygen from penetrating through the waters hence the lives of plants and animals that dwell in the water are at risk. In most cases fishing activities are the ones that are adversely affected by such spills because the numbers of fish reduce drastically since they die due to lack of oxygen.

Even as the companies involved tried to clean up the mess the damage had already been done. There are reasons that have been provided by investigators who were analyzing the reasons that could have caused the spillage. Each of the four companies involved is believed to have contributed to the occurrence of the spillage in one way or another.

BP Public Company Limited This is a renowned company in the energy sector because it has been operational for a very long time. This means that the many years it has been in business has made it earn a lot of experience but this was not reflected in the way it handled the well prior to the spill. One would have expected this company to have adequately prepared for such incidences because of the level of experience the company has gained over the years.

Investigations into the incidence revealed that the cement that is supposed to seal the well pipe was not serving its intended purpose and may be this is what made the BP officials to demand for the removal of that cement. The place that was covered with cement was then covered by water. If the staff found that the cement was not preventing oil and gas from being ejected out of the well through the well pipe, they should have found another alternative of covering the pipe (Elliot 1).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Perhaps they thought the oil could not go through the large volumes of water owing to its density which is higher than that of water. Although BP had assigned this role to Halliburton, it should have considered supervising their operations because when things went wrong its BP’s reputation that was tainted.

The rules that govern the companies that operate in the energy sector state that oil plants and wells should be subjected to regular evaluations so that if there are any mechanical problems they can be detected early enough. According to Elliot BP staff carried out a joint evaluation with another company on the pressure of the well but then their evaluation does not make sense because they were quick to ignore the results of the evaluation (1).

One wonders why the findings of the evaluation were ignored while the management teams knew that they were putting their lives at risk and indeed their ignorance led loss of lives. This kind of ignorance implies that they had ignored other findings in the recent past and since nothing bad had happened back then, they did not see the need of attending to such minor issues. Mechanical problems do not happen in an overnight because they develop gradually.

BP should have established strategies of vetting all its contractors by having standards that must be adhered to. A keen observation of this issue reveals that the faults took place because the contracted companies were doing their own things without fear. This is because there was no one to criticize the decisions they made.

If Bp was committed to its task they would have vetted the engineers who were to do the cementing job plus the cementing materials before they allowed them to go ahead. BP should have analyzed all the contractors by conducting a back ground check on their previous projects and may be they would have identified the ones that have poor reputation (Carrington 1).

Halliburton Halliburton were contracted to take the role of providing the cement and placing it on top and below the well pipe. This was expected to have been the first party to realize there was a leakage since they are the ones who were engaged with ground work. This company should not have waited for BP’s verdict to remove the cement because they should have done so early enough (Elliot 1).

Depending on their role in this well, they were expected to have back up materials just incase the cement did not function as required. They were the most knowledgeable party as far as sealing materials are concerned. May be they had never experienced such a thing before and that is why they were unable to handle the situation.

We will write a custom Research Paper on Preventing Occurrence of an Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Investigations into the incidence revealed that the cementing was not well done and that is why the oil and gas was able to exit the well pipe. The cement used could have been of good quality but then the problem could have been the people who did the job of cementing the oil well, that is, if they were not experienced masons and engineers.

Carrington explains that if this was the case, Halliburton has a case to answer because the company’s negligence caused more than ten innocent people to loose their lives (1). The company should have deployed its experienced staff to inspect the cementing from the initial stages to prevent any faults from happening. It is most likely that this company’s engineers had never performed a similar task because, if they did the cementing, the well would have remained intact.

There is enough evidence against Halliburton because after the incidence there was an employee who confessed publicly that the well was not cemented and thus it is clear that there were some standards that were not met. Halliburton is both answerable to BP and the other companies that were working at the well because the mistake they made deliberately sabotaged the efforts of the other companies. Halliburton should be heavily punished by revoking its license and imposing a heavy monetary fine upon it.

Transocean Transocean runs the drilling rig that sunk in the water after the explosion. This company was assigned the role of providing the blow-out preventer that is supposed to hinder the spillage of the oil after the explosion had taken place. This company failed in its role of managing the risk of an explosion. BP had contracted Transocean to take care of the risk because it was aware that explosions happen quite often and they knew that this particular contractor had the appropriate equipment that could stop the spillage.

Investigations into the incidence revealed that the device that was supposed to prevent the oil and gas from leaking into the water was faulty. The blow out preventer is powered by a battery that is located in its control pod. Prior to the explosion, the battery was not working and that is why when the explosion took place the device failed to stop the spillage (Elliot 1).

If Transocean had conducted routine check ups on this device, they would have realized earlier that the device was not functioning as it should. This ignorance implies that when this company was assigned its role, they simply moved their equipment within the well compound and sat back and waited until an explosion took place.

This company deserves to be penalized for its contribution in the oil spill. This is because they knew they were stationed at the well so that they could handle any oil spill that would occur and since their role relied on the efficiency of the blow out preventer they should have carried out check ups so that they could correct any faults on the device. Although it is the device that failed them, they are the ones to bear its blame because they are the ones who run it.

Cameron International Corporation Cameron Company is the manufacturer that is said to have produced the blow out preventer device that was operated by Transocean. Orvetti states that this company denied any responsibility because its officials were quoted saying that if the device was faulty from the beginning it would not have remained as one piece after the explosion (1).

Not sure if you can write a paper on Preventing Occurrence of an Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This statement implies that the company is trying to direct its blame towards Transocean company. However, this statement can be true if the battery in the device requires to be replaced after it has been in use for some time.

This company does not bear much blame because if the battery that powers the device requires frequent replacement or charging that is the role of the Transocean. This means that Transocean failed in its role of maintaining the equipment and hence this company is free from any blame.

In conclusion, all the parties involved in the oil spill bear some blames and it is important for corrective measures to be taken by the concerned bodies. The government also failed by not enacting laws that would govern the companies that work in the energy sector. In future the US government should establish a task force team that would regulate the operations of all companies in this sector.

Works Cited Carrington, Damian. ”BP Oil Spill Report: The Deepwater Horizons Blame game.” Guardian. 2010. Web.

Elliot, Gregg. ”Causes of the Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico.” Suite101.com. 2010. Web.

Orvetti, Peter. ”The Slippery Deepwater Horizon Blame Game.” The Moderate Voice. 2010. Web.

[supanova_question]

The Role of Satire in El Buscon Essay a level english language essay help: a level english language essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

Discussion

Conclusion

Bibliography

Footnotes

Introduction Francisco de Quevedo was among the most famous poet and writers in Spain during the Golden Age. He was born in Madrid where his family formed the government. He lost his parents at an early age .He joined Alcala University where he studied humanities as well as theology in Valladolid. Quevedo learned many modern languages including Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. At the age of 25 years, he published his first poem. El Buscon novel is among the most famous works of Quevedo.

The novel was written in 1604 and published later in 1626.The book was however published out of Quevedos knowledge. El Buscon is a picaresque novel. These are fiction novels, which use satire in representation of ideas. In this case, the author is usually humorous through exaggeration of ideas. In these novels, characters use their wit so that they can survive in the society, which is usually corrupt.

This style of writing novels is widely used by writers in the modern literature. The style is very important because it makes literature works interesting.[1] Satire is a stylistic device in which the author uses irony or exaggerations in expressing ideas. Satire has played a major role in writing this novel. The paper shows how satire is used in the novel and how it helps in the development of the plot of the story.

Discussion The novel El Buston revolves around the adventures of Don Pablos who is described as a buscon. This individual uses unfair means like cheating and stealing in order to obtain money or properties. Two things that Pablos wanted to achieve in life were that he wanted to grow as a person as well as learning good morals but he never achieved any.

Even though the novel satirizes Spanish life, it acted as a literary exercise for Quevedo who represented the different characteristics of these people but with exaggerations, which produced a comic effect. The novel profound the notion that children from honorable parents should be honored and never those whose parents are not .The author of the novel satirizes the Spanish society.

He also attacks the main character in the story Pablos, a character who always struggles to achieve a higher position.[2] Quevedo is against the idea of moving from one class to another because to him, it is a way of creating disorder in the society. Quivedo punished Pablos because of his attempts to be better placed. Pablos has believed that all human beings were equal.

The book is very important because it portrays many aspects of the society. Through the novel, we learn more about a thief. The book is divided into three main parts. Several themes are clearly portrayed in the novel, for example, the theme of family as well as legal and lawless cruelty. As the story begins, Pablos is a child whereas his father Clemente Pablos is a thief and a barber. Aldonza, Pablos’ mother is portrayed as a witch and a prostitute.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More We learn through Pablos that his mother was a new Christian convert. Pablos had a brother who had been flogged to death in prison, as he was a thief. The characters in the story are satirized. For example, being a barber, we do not expect Pablos’ father to be a thief. He has a right way of earning his living. The character of the mother is also satirized because as a new Christian convert, she should not engage in prostitution.

Witchcraft is too not advocated for in the Christian life. Pablos was interested in studies and his parents allowed him to enroll in a school. Don Diego Coronel was Pablos’ best friend at school. He is faced with many challenges at school after which he decides to stop schooling.

He decides not to go back home again. Don Diego remains to be his best friend and he too leaves school. Don Alanso, the father of Diego decides to hand over the two boys as wards to Dominle Cabra in Segovia. Pablos and Diego suffer a lot in the hands of Cabra especially lack of enough food. The death of one boy due to starvation made Alanso to shift the boys from that school to Alcala to continue with their studies.[3]

As Alanso, Diego and Pablos travelled to Alcala, they came across a group of students who mocked Pablos. After the three arrived at Alacala, Pablos was separated from Don Diego and beaten up by some University students because he was not a person enough. Pablos shared his room with four other students who also beat him up during the night. Not being a person is not enough for one to be beaten up. It is ironical because he does not defend himself.

His reaction is funny because he kills pigs, which he does not own. He holds a party in which he tricks his property owner into giving two chickens in exchange. This is satirical because the value of a pig can never be equivalent to that of a chicken. Among the bad habits included stealing sweets from a merchant in the locality as well as swords. His friends laugh at him, because of the things that he does.

The author exaggerates his characters because a sweet is a minor thing to be stolen from a merchant. Pablos should have stolen things of greater value. During their stay in Alcala, Pablos got a letter, which informed him of the death of his father who had been hanged.[4] The letter also indicated that his mother was in jail. Don Diego also received a letter from his father who warned him against his friendship with the Pablos.

The friendship between Pablos and Don Diego ends. Pablos arranges to meet with one of his relatives who would arrange for Pablos inheritance of his fathers wealth who was already dead. The way in which the above problems occur to Pablos is satirical. His father is hanged, his mother is in jail and his best friend leaves him. It is not possible that all of these took place at the same time.

We will write a custom Essay on The Role of Satire in El Buscon specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As he travelled to Segovia to claim his properties, he came across an insane engineer. They discussed many topics with the engineer. They went to an inn where he met with a teacher who tried to teach him a lesson. It is satirical that the characters that Pablos interacted with were mad. Does it mean that he did not come across mentally fit persons who he could share with what he had? On their arrival to Cercedilla, they played cards where Hermit tricked them and ended up as the winner of all the games that they played.

On arrival to Segovia, he met with Alanso Ramplomn his uncle. People celebrate in his uncle’s house at a great dinner where they ate and drunk. Pablos is however not involved in the party. As people enjoy, he moves around the compound. He returns to the house and drives away all the people present in the party except his uncle who was supposed to discuss the issue of inheritance.

It is funny that Pablos decided to drive his uncles visitors away and they did nothing wrong to him and his uncle does not seem to question him. The man who claims to be a person teaches Pablos of the expected behavior in court. He taught him lying techniques as well as some of the ways in which he could take advantage of other people in some situations.[5]

The main aim of the alleged hidalgo was to pass knowledge to Pablos on the way in which he could use unfair means in obtaining other peoples properties or even take advantage of other people in particular situations. Pablos is displayed as a character whose character traits are not acceptable in the society. Being corrupt is a vice discouraged by all societies.[6]

Pablos and the alleged person visited Don Toribio in his house. Don Torobio is another man who claims to be a man. In this house, Pablos met with deceitful and unreliable people like thieves and gangsters. Pablos is dressed in tattered clothes, which makes his appearance funny bearing in mind that he is one person who intends to be a gentleman.

Pablos was arrested and taken to the prison together with the friends he met at Toribios house. At the jail, Pablos befriended a jailer through whom he is not flogged. When Pablos told the jailer that he is related to his wife, he accepted and helped him. Does it mean that he is not aware of his wife’s relatives? “Pablos changed his name to Ramilo de Guzman and went to an inn where he pretended to be a rich man with the aim of winning Berenguela de Rebolledo, a daughter of the innkeeper.”[7]

He succeeded in his lies and Berenguela allowed him to visit her during the night. She told him climb at the top of the roof so that he can enter her room without other people’s awareness. The roof collapsed as he tried to enter the room after which the innkeepers wake up, beat him up and finally throw him to jail again. It is very difficult to access a room through the roof.[8]

As he was in jail, he suffered a lot as he was beaten up until two men one from Portugal and the other one from Catalonia saved him. Again, he changes his name to Don Felipe Tristan. Villa is the residence of the two rich women. One of the women has three married nieces and she wants Pablos to marry one of them.

Not sure if you can write a paper on The Role of Satire in El Buscon by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pablos falls in love with Dona Ana the most beautiful girl of the three. During Pablos’ picnic with Dona Ana, they came across Don Diego who recognizes Pablos at the first sight. Pablos does not however recognize him. Pablos stays behind until he changes to his new begging career.[9]

In his begging career, Pablos met with Valcazar a beggar who introduced him to the world of begging. He used the money he obtained from begging to buy new clothes. In addition, he bought a hat and a sword. He then migrated to Toledo where people did not know him.

In Toledo, he joined comedic actors where he worked as a scriptwriter. He was also a poet in Toledo. At this place, his new name was Alanso el Cruel. Unfortunately, the arrest of the group leader by the police led to the disintegration of the group. Pablos leaves the acting career and falls in love with a nun. Finally, Pablos travels to Seville and joins a group of gangsters.

The gangsters went out, drunk and ate together so that they lost control over their behavior. Pablos and the other thieves were fortunate as they managed to escape. It is satirical that Pablos and the other gangsters managed to escape from the police bearing in mind that they were intoxicated and therefore they did not have control on themselves. After this, they travelled to Indies to see if there will be any positive change in their lives. We however learn through Pablos that life was even harder for him in America.[10]

Conclusion Satire is a very useful stylistic device. The use of satire makes works interesting such that individual feel like they should continue reading. As people read satirize works, they laugh and all their attention is drawn into what they are reading. For example, the reader of this novel will be interested to know the reason behind Pablos’ change of names. In many cases, people who change their names so that they cannot be recognized usually have bad motives.

The stages through which Pablos passes are satirized. He moves from being a beggar, scriptwriter and a poet, falls in love with a nun and finally joins a group of gangsters. In each stage, he changed his names. The novel is full of characters that are not morally upright. We have weared characters in the novel like witches and thieves who are not acceptable in many societies. Satire is used in development of the plot of the story.

Bibliography Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York, NY: SIU Press.

Cruz, A. (1999). Discourses of poverty: social reform and the picaresque novel in early modern Spain. New York, NY: University of Toronto Press.

Dunn, P. (1993). Spanish picaresque fiction: a new literary history. London: Cornell University Press.

Quevedo, F. (1610). El Buscon, Francisco de Quevedo Villegas (1580–1645), Filología, 9, pp. 163–200.

Footnotes Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York: SIU Press.

Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York: SIU Press. P. 22.

Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York: SIU Press. P. 30.

Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York: SIU Press. P. 45.

Barnstone, W. (1997). Six Masters of the Spanish Sonnet: Francisco de Quevedo, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Antonio Machado, Federico Garcia Lorca, Jorge Luis Borges, Miguel Hernandez. New York: SIU Press. P. 70.

Quevedo, F. (1610). El Buscon, Francisco de Quevedo Villegas (1580–1645), Filología, 9, pp. 163–200.

Quevedo, F. (1610). El Buscon, Francisco de Quevedo Villegas (1580–1645), Filología, 9, pp. 163–200.

Cruz, A. (1999). Discourses of poverty: social reform and the picaresque novel in early modern Spain. New York, NY: University of Toronto Press. P. 115.

Ibid. p. 120.

Dunn, P. (1993). Spanish picaresque fiction: a new literary history. London: Cornell University Press.

[supanova_question]

Achievement, Success and Individualism Expository Essay college application essay help: college application essay help

According to Henslin, value is defined as code, standards, or worthiness that is considered to be desirable either by an individual or a group of people (2010). Value acts as a guide of life to make one fit in a certain society or to live well with other people. Values are general and conceptual in nature, unlike norms that are very specific. Through values one is able to define his or her moral goals in life. Ones value in life shows the standards by which he or she describes the ideas of what is desired (Henslin, 2010).

America is a pluralistic society as it entails various groups with different political, social, and religious views. This paper will be describing two significant values in American culture that include, achievement and success and individualism. Individualism entails one possessing a trait of being persistence consistently whereby such an individual is considered able to rise from the bottom to top.

The American culture is known to blame a person if he or she fails to get ahead rather than the system that may have blocked him or her. From the past, Americans have believed that victory comes from ones effort and initiative. Personal victory, especially outstanding among the rest, being the best in work and in school, becoming rich, possessing power, and reputation is valued much in America (Henslin, 2010).

The value of being persistence and staying consistent has made me to overcome a lot of obstacles in my life starting from my family life, in school, and in my social life. This value made me to know my purpose in my family, whereby I knew my duties and responsibilities and the importance of fulfilling them.

The value of individualism made me to have a vision in whatever I was about to undertake be it in school or with my friends. This made me to choose wisely my friends, who could help me to realize my vision and purpose in life. The same value as an adult will continue to help me have a good relationship with my colleagues in my working place, as I would be able to overcome my challenges and assist them solve theirs too.

When one is persistence, the idea of giving up is fully eradicated from his or her life (Henslin, 2010). Incase of hardships and solving conflicts, this value pushes one until the solution is found. Anyone who is in a position to solve conflicts on his or her way, and meet challenges accordingly, has a healthy friendship with people in all areas.

Achievement and success is another important value that has taken me through the childhood life to adulthood. In our family, when we were young, this value motivated me to work hard, behave well among my peers that I could be the best among my siblings, and the best pupil in class (Hunter, 2003).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Making efforts to be the best ensures one trends carefully avoiding the common mistakes that may hinder success. In the working situation, one would always work tirelessly, meet the targets on time, meet the company objectives, and serve the clients efficiently to be considered successful. Getting a good grade in school, being a role model among peers, or getting promotion in work would require one to work hard and achieve higher. In general, becoming successful in life would call for this value in day to day activities.

Reference List Henslin, J. M. (2010). Essentials of Sociology, A Down-to-Earth Approach. New York: Prentice Hall.

Hunter, W. S. (2003). Psychological abstructs. New York: American Psychological Association.

[supanova_question]

Picture of a House Descriptive Essay college application essay help

It is said that every family has skeletons in the cupboard. If only old houses could speak, they would tell a lot of fascinating stories about bad and good times of their inhabitants. At first glance, an old house in the picture may seem to be a mere building consisting of walls, windows and doors, but its atmosphere and every its part would mean a lot for several generations that were born and grew up in it.

A paved path leading to the terrace steps looks so inviting that it is hard to resist the temptation and enter the building. Stepping on this winding trail, a guest would inevitably think of those people who had walked this path millions of times day by day in the past. It is possible that these were small children who ran skipping along and perhaps even fell after stumbling over one of the stones on the path. These could also be elderly people who went slowly because it was already difficult for them to walk.

Young people could walk this path in a hurry from and to work without even noticing beauty of the house. With all these thoughts in mind, a guest would find himself/herself on a desert terrace. Knocking on the door, the stranger would imagine children playing games on this terrace and an elderly man sitting in a rocky chair. However, now there are no lights in the window and the terrace is desert. Nobody would open, and it seems that now only memories and family secrets live in this house.

Not able to enter the house, a stranger would stay outside and walk in the garden. It is autumn, and the bare trees share the mood and loneliness of the house. However, there are no leaves on the lawn, and it means that somebody has collected them. Someone who is now invisible has gathered the autumn leaves and neatly cut the lawn. The presence of invisible but caring owners surround the house with atmosphere of mystery.

The red tiling on the roof of the house and a gabled tower make the building look like a castle from a fairy tale. There is a small chimney on the roof, and obviously small children growing up in this house were waiting for Santa Claus to come through it every Christmas Eve. Children grew up and do not believe in miracles anymore, but a small chimney remains as a commemoration of those old good times.

The large windows of the house are similar to somebody’s curious eyes and connect the inhabitants of the building with the surrounding world. It is obvious that there are even more windows in this house than it is necessary for lighting the rooms in a proper way.

Most rooms of the house have two or even more windows which demonstrate the openness of the inhabitants and make the building look even more inviting. It is possible that previously the house was more hospitable than on this autumn morning and guests crowded on its small terrace and in its brightly-lit rooms. However, now the house looks desert and sleeps, hiding all its secrets behind thick curtains on the windows.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Looking at the exterior of the house in the picture, strangers can only make guesses concerning the lives of its inhabitants and the true meaning of the elements of the building. A winding path, bare trees in the garden and large windows would seem only the elements of the construction to a stranger, but would tell much more to people who have spent at least a part of their lives in this house.

[supanova_question]

Goodfellas: Cinematography Analysis best essay help: best essay help

Introduction There are a number of works created by a famous American film director Martin Scorsese which deserve recognition. Almost each movie is a unique attempt to describe human life as it is with its own pros and cons. It is not enough for Scorsese to make a movie; it is necessary to create a masterpiece where each angel, camera movement, and frame has its own purpose and place.

One of such movies is his Goodfellas directed in 1990. And though this movie did not get the Oscar as the best picture (Dances with Wolves won it that time), Goodfellas starring by Robert De Niro, Ray Liotta, and Joe Pesci is still considered to be an important work that makes Scorsese return to the world of gangster cinematography and take another important shift in career. In this paper, several cinematographic aspects like movie shots, optics, moves, compositions, and long takes in Goodfellas will be evaluated.

Body Movie shots

Goodfellas, as well as all other movies, consists of a number of shots those relationships aim at creating a complete and informative scene (Corrigan 66). The peculiar feature of frames and angles in Goodfellas is Scorsese’s desire to overwhelm the viewer with information, this is why each frame contains a number of details to be observed.

Certain attention should be paid to the frames used by the director to express “the freshness and energy of a real world” (Lopate 241). The point is that even the opening frames of the movie may easily destabilize audience (Nochimson 135).

For example, the frame when the three main characters, Henry, Jimmy, and Tommy are in the car (ELS): the director wants to say that they are connected by friendship, business, and trust, and even though audience is not aware of their relations, it is necessary to underline this connection at the very beginning (Goodfellas).

Another shot when Karen holds the gun and looks at it from above (MS): the director wants to introduce the idea of human choice when a young girl realizes what is waiting for her and that she has a choice and needs to decide. Her decision was based on emotions and feelings.

The two shots when Karen directs the gun to Henry to kill him because of betrayal (CU). The gun is not only a weapon; it is the symbol that should not be recognized still performs the leading role. The scene when the black man was shot by Tommy within several seconds (ELS). The chosen shot define the fugacity of life and human inabilities to control the event. And finally, the shot with the two dead bodies in the pink car (LS): it was a kind of message in the form of a murder, a cruel still expected murder.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Importance of angles in the movie should be also discussed. Camera angles are regarded as the main part of visual language of the movie. Even if a person fails to grasp the message or the tone of the character, director’s hints will help to define the essence.

For example, an eye-level angle when Henry cooks at home that makes the character ordinary with the demands inherent to people who have to live, work, communicate, and analyze their actions; a low angle when Henry stands close to the car with the dead Billy Batz is used by the director to underline that this character has something to tell to audience and his story will be certainly interesting to listen to; the high angle when Karen cries discovering that her husband is arrested and has to spend a couple of years in jail, such angle is used to describe hopelessness of the character.

Moves

The brightest example of mixed camera move and actor move is observed when Henry comes to Copacabana: everything has its place still continues moving, people have to hurry up in order to achieve their purposes, events are hard to control, this is why the director wanted to use as many moving subjects as possible to use running as the symbol of current changes and society’s needs.

Optics and camera’s focus

There are three optics techniques used in the movie: shallow focus that allows underlining the importance of one image, deep focus when all images are in focus, and perspective focus that provides a kind of equivalent to the required view camera movements (Mamer 23).

For example, deep focus is observed in the restaurant it is easy to recognize the main characters as well as those people on the background because the main characters are not enough powerful to be separated from the crowd. The director wants to show that though these three people perform the leading roles, there are still a number of people who perform the same roles in society.

The shallow focus is used when Karen directs the gun to Henry, and the image of the gun is not clear as the director makes a decision not to mention a true essence of the gun still underline its importance in the story. Perspective focuses are frequent in the movie as the director introduces the story and describes it from all aspects.

Composition of the movie

Film composition is all about the way of how the components are arranged so that audience is free to watch the movie. To succeed in composing a movie, the director should demonstrate his abilities to unite each piece of the work with the meaning, and Scorsese shows how a perfect composition should look like.

We will write a custom Essay on Goodfellas: Cinematography Analysis specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This story is not about gangsters only but the collection of such themes like friendship, partnership, business, love, sex, drugs, etc. Scorsese shows the shots, and even if not all shots are perfect and meaningful, the role of each detail is crucial indeed.

Necessity of long takes in Goodfellas

The main purpose of any long take is to develop the necessary dramatic or narrative effect, and in Goodfellas one of such remarkable shots is the walk of Karen and Henry through the Copacabana. By means of such long take, the director shows what Karen should be ready for because it is her boyfriend’s world: she is tempted with a desire to observe the gangster life, and Henry is fascinated with an idea that he is able to open this world to her girlfriend.

Film stock and the tonality of colors

Goodfellas is the movie where the colors were usually variable in their true saturation. For example, the darker scenes (when the characters are in the car after the murder of Billy Batz) seem to be more saturated in order to underline the dramatic aspect of the movie, however, under more appropriate lighting conditions the chosen color will be spot on.

Success of lighting in the movie

In the already discussed scene when Henry and Karen are walking through the nightclub, it is also possible to observe how successfully the director uses lighting by the extent of ultimate advantage. As a result of such choice, it seems like the interplay that takes place between light and shadow expresses the idea of duplicity that is inherent to human life. Henry is as quick as a butterfly who cannot define the danger of the darkness.

Of course, it is not the only example of how different keys of lighting are used in the movie. With the help of a properly chosen lighting, Scorsese shares what is in his characters’ minds. Talking about lighting in the movie, it is necessary to remember one of the first scenes. Overall redness in the shot is the sign of hope, mystery, and human destiny at the same time. The director admits that this story has its grounds, and the movies aims at disclosing a number of ideas which are connected to human life, emotions, and life purposes.

Conclusion In general, the techniques used by Scorsese in his Goodfellas as well as the play of each actor in the movie are perfectly chosen so that the reader can grasp the main message of the story and enjoy the work itself.

The evaluation of perspectives, compositions, lighting, frames, angels, etc. helps to underline the main aspects of the movie and define a true purpose set by the director. Each scene is a unique combination of an idea and a technique that discloses the idea, this is why it is not a surprise that many people find this movie interesting and educative.

Works Cited Corrigan, Timothy. A short guide to writing about film. London: Pearson, 2007.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Goodfellas: Cinematography Analysis by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Goodfellas. Dir. Scorsese, Martin, Perf. Robert De Niro, Ray Liotta, and Joe Pesci. Warner Brothers, 1990. Film.

Lopate, Phillip. American movie critics: An anthology from the silents until now. New York: The Library of America, 2006.

Mamer, Bruce. Film production technique: Creating the accomplished image. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2008.

Nochimson, Martha. Dying to belong: Gangster movies in Hollywood and Hong Kong. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2007.

[supanova_question]

Making the Best Shot of Your Life: Behind the Curtains of Movie-Making Essay college admission essay help

Table of Contents The Vision of a Movie

Hitting the Bull’s Eye: Each Shot as It Is

Diving Deep into Movie-Making

Works Cited

In spite of the fact that film industry is rather young compared to the theater or any other spheres of art, it has its own well-established and time-tested theory. With help of numerous tricks movie can look in the most effective and convincing manner. Because of the fact that, shifting camera positions, one can obtain the most efficient perspective, the five-shot technique suggested by Mackendrick has turned out a winning method of filming.

Indeed, getting the most objective picture, the audience starts believing in the movie plot from the very start, which a film-maker aims at. However, it would be quite peculiar to trace the mechanism of the shooting. Learning what makes the shots such efficient technique, one can understand the very essence of the movie-making art.

The Vision of a Movie Because of its objectiveness, the five-shot technique reminds of a situation when several points of view clash into a cultural conflict. With help of this peculiar technique, the film-maker can achieve the objectiveness which will absorb the audience attention and take them on a journey into make-believe.

No matter what plot stands behind the very film, the correct visualization of the scene will allow the film-maker to attract the people with the peculiar view that opens in front of them. Once a piece designed to entertain people, a movie this becomes a true life situation to consider with all the seriousness. As a matter of fact, this is the five-shot sequence which makes people consider a movie as a part of the reality – subconsciously, yet rather strongly.

Thus, it cannot be argued that the famous five-shot system proves astonishingly efficient. Now the time has come to see the technique of the famous trick. As it turns out, there are very few secrets – and a lot of logics.

Hitting the Bull’s Eye: Each Shot as It Is Because of the specifics of cinema art, it is necessary that the audience could have an overview of the whole situation in the movie. Unless the spectators have such opportunity, they will not be interested tin what is going o in the screen. Thus, the five-shot sequence invented by Mackendrick is supposed to draw people’s eyes to the action in the screen.

Creating the overall impression of the scene and giving people the background idea, the master shot allows the audience to make it “full of visual information” (Mackendrick 245) and help people embrace the overall situation in the movie.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Over-the-shoulder shot, “a reverse shot that is from an angle that includes a portion of the other person’s shoulder or head” (Hurbis-Cherrier 65) allows to consider the situation with the eyes of the movie character.

Just think of what could happen if Mackendrick had not discovered his brilliant detail shot! With help of this approach, the secret meaning of the scene can be exposed to the audience without saying a word. With help of this shot, all the peculiarities of the relations between the characters come into the open, and the spectator can see what lurks behind the characters’ faces.

A close-up shot, the shot which snatches a detail from the scene and zooms it into a complete grotesque, is another element suggested by Mackendrick. With help of this method, the idea of the movie can be exposed to the audience in the most exquisite way. Suggesting certain brainwork and containing an element of drama, this way of drawing the audience’s attention to certain details of the movie can be rather crude, but when used only as a hint, it can work wonders.

The last, but not the least, is the complementary shot. To summarize the overall idea of the scene once again and to create a definite impression, the overall shot is used, as a rule, in the final part of the scene.

Diving Deep into Movie-Making Planning a movie of my own, I would use the theory of the five-shot sequence focusing on the close-up shot. In my interpretation, the close-up scenes capturing the very essence of the scene could be a dramatic pinpoint of the entire movie.

For example, shooting a drama, I would include the scene of thorough and useless search of something extremely important for the leading character, and as the vain attempts would cease, I would take a close-up of the needed object. Thus, making the movie as dramatic and tense as possible, I could create the vision of something strikingly real.

Judging by the time test which the five-shot theory has passed, it proves extremely efficient for the contemporary cinema. Revealing the most incredible pieces of the plot to the audience and making them build their assumptions, it serves as the way to create a little world of make-believe where the audience could feel comfortable, a small model of real life for everybody. Lifting the curtain over the secrets of the movie plot, such technique will remain one of the greatest discoveries in the world of film-making.

We will write a custom Essay on Making the Best Shot of Your Life: Behind the Curtains of Movie-Making specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Hurbis-Cherrier, Mike. Voice

[supanova_question]

EUROCOM, S.A Term Paper custom essay help

Original Structure and Its Effectiveness Original Sales Approach The business words has become so competitive that further growth of companies and other business organizations now greatly depends on rigorous, innovative research and development. It’s for the same reasons that EUROCOM had a policy of great investments in the modernization of its facilities in the research and development ventures and expansion of its international networks. This necessitated integration of marketing and sales as project teams or as Mintzberg’s concept[1] puts it – operating adhocracies.

When the company was established in the early 1970s, the structure of management and running operations was very different from today. There have been so many changes that have come about due to the evolving markets and customers’ needs[2]. The original structure was basically aimed at making sales with regard of what the clients wanted or thought about the products.

Walter Jacobi, who came to the company as a sales representative together with other sales personnel were among the few people who knew something about computers. This entailed knowledge of what they were and what they could do, therefore for them to make sales it was easy. The goal was just to be able to convince their target and potential clients that the EuroCom’s computers were capable of meeting their need much better than those from competitors.

In essence, one could tell that the research and development engineers of the company and the sales people were just telling the customers what they required or needed. And this was the machine or rather the computer produced by EuroCom. This is the reason why the strategies and structure of the 1970s and 1980s is considered to have used for selling ‘boxes’ to clients rather than use systems.

The effectiveness of the structure was basically based on the individual’s ability to persuade clients. As such, a person like Walter who had incredible sales characteristic became an outstanding salesperson. He was tenacious, persuasive, with excellent communication skills and good contacts with the customers.

His technique was very efficient where he would meet a potential customer, talk to and win his/her trust, talk about business and convince the customer that he had the right and the best product for him/her. The client would then place an order but still Walter would keep in touch even visit and offer gifts to the customer. This strategy was highly effective as client become loyal and regular buyers making him one of the best salesmen.

The Need for Change and New Structure Since its foundation, the company had occupied a very strong position on the international market and was very proud of its development in the late 1970s. However, during that time, there was a major change in the computer market on the global level. EuroCom was at pains to keep with these changes which included tougher competition particularly from Japan and the US venturing into European market.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The retailers were demanding customized machines, highly professional that would grant them competitive edge on the market. They also demanded comprehensive products which could be compatible with a number of software or developing technologies. At that moment, it became very essential to understand the customer market and current market concepts to be able to establish relationships with customers and thus penetrate new markets.

The major changes in the market necessitated paradigm change where there would be redefinition of roles, developing new marking functions, introducing marketers into sales, coordination of the department activities and use of new technology and applications[3]. This was a planned change involving well thought-out managerial decisions based on the outcomes of the existing process and future improvement[4].

Important factors that were considered include the aspect of market globalizations, employing talented, ambitious and visionary workers, flattening the hierarchy by allowing communication to bypass some managers[5]. The process of working was also reengineered to combine sales and marketing and encouraged team effort[6].

The changes can be defined as having been economic and technological changes. Economic in that they were caused by clients’ specification, competition from Japan and international relations and technological in that, the company had reached a position where it had to introduce new technology as the market needs changed[7].

The Effects of the Structural Changes on Leadership, Teamwork and Interpersonal Relationships The new structure developed was a combination of four divisions including marketing activities, research, product management and sales. This meant the division or department would no longer function independent but rather work together to seek to achieve common goals. Sales were then made part of marketing.

The company also developed procedures for handling local and international projects to ensure better coordination. The management of EuroCom had shifted from traditional ‘family’ and functional course to classy professional project management way.

This new structure that had been developed to ensure direct sales to the customers sought to recruit intelligent young academicians with good education background in computer courses into the managerial posts. Since this seemed to bring new talent and brains to the company, the older executives were displeased with these decisions as they preferred to hire personnel from trade schools or apprenticeship as traditionally done by the company.

We will write a custom Term Paper on EUROCOM, S.A specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The change focused on major company process which included shifting the production process[8]. The new model was to take into consideration the needs of the customers and specification. Eurocom was to be transformed from mere computer building to computer consultation as the new workers were those with greater knowledge of computers with college degrees.

The change also south to change worker demographic by including younger employees, encouraging cultural diversity and trying to get older workers form teams[9] with the new recruits.

The transformation was not an easy job but the goals of the change were;

To increase productivity of the company

To increase sensitivity to customers’ needs and requirements

To improve the company’s competitive position against competitors

To develop new management strategies and skills across the company[10]

The management team was greatly convinced that the new structure was also opening up new opportunities and preparing the workers for future roles like marketing subsidiaries. The sales division was hence an idea sector of training the new recruits and preparing them for taking up the important roles in the company in future[11].

The group marketing director personally visited all the company executives under the direct sale division and he encouraged them to actively execute the new strategy and structure. Walter Jacobi was in charge of key functions including planning, preparing sales budget, leading and motivating the sales team and departmental organization.

Leadership was critically affected because Walter was not used to conducting several new tasks and responsibilities and as a consequence, he became overloaded and disorientated. Duties like planning the sales activities and budgeting which would naturally have been done in on long-term basis now had to be submitted to the other divisions before a decision could be made. Production, marketing and accounting departments had to go through the plan and approve it.

Walter had initially been used to working all by himself and adjusting to the new changers that required a lot of teamwork was a great challenge for him. He could not just be able to think of it as in involving almost the entire staff in decision making and words like motivation, delegations and communication did not mean much in his world.

He wanted the old system where the manager would make the critical decisions and then it was the duty of the subordinated to implement these decisions. Therefore teamwork was greatly affected as Walter did not actively participate, furthermore, the younger employees and the older employees were not cohesive enough and there was a clear drift because of different in opinions.

Not sure if you can write a paper on EUROCOM, S.A by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The older personnel felt threatened and they isolated themselves forming what can be terms as a ‘club’. However, of the older executives, it was only Walter who thought there was a chance that they could collaborate with the new generation of workers. Meaning there was no cohesiveness of the older generation and the new workers.

The performance of the leaders was deteriorating and looking at Walter’s performance, he showed positive results but thing became difficult for him when it came to discussing details with other executives. Walter could not work well with the new sales team and stuck with his previous approaches while the younger employees tried to get him to understand the new approaches. The new marketing orientation did not seem to make sense to him at all as puts it.

His role had always been to sell the computers to customers. Now the idea of analyzing and researching markets was very disturbing to him since he thought that markets did not concern sale personnel. He reiterated that the company had previously performed better without the marketing research and analyses. Accordingly, he did not see the sense of modifying something that was working well.

Another thing that was critical damaged because of the new structure was the interpersonal relationships. The new generation of workers was highly qualified as they were young intelligent and dynamic. This compounded with the fact that they did not share any interests, as depicted by the differences in language, views and attitude towards the work and new structure[12], there was not good interpersonal connection.

The younger employees tried to carry Walter along as the venture into the new structure and business world. The old colleagues of Walter always pulled him back telling him that the never shared the same views as the new workers. They believed that the management would still want them since the new generation of employee did not have the experience.

In order to avoid conflict, Walter had one strategy, to withdraw from active company activities, do his job and then wait for the outcomes[13]. This ways he avoided making mistakes openly or running into trouble with his coworkers. His skills in selling were not helping him in facing the new challenges and he was not able to cope with the dynamism in marketing.

By being passive, the younger subordinates became irritated by Walter’s behavior and stopped going to him for advice. Consequently, he withdrew more inside himself and the atmosphere became more tensed. He lost his credibility among his old colleagues as well and most of the employees would bypass him and go to the department director directly.

Management Perspective for Helping Personnel Change and Adapt to New Structure This seeks to answer James’s concerns: What we need is a management perspective that will help people change and adapt as circumstances demand. How do we do that? Where should we start?”

Helping people to adapt to the new structural changes is very critical for organizations to progress in the new and ever-changing market dynamics. There are several approaches that EuroCom can employ to ensure that there is good adaptation and integration among workers to the new structure.

The new structure is supposed to enhance the concept of transformational leadership where the older generation of senior managers are willing to work with new workers involving them in decision making and then in management teams. They should be given autonomy so that they can be able to work independently to boost their confidence[14].

Greiner model In order for the change to be a smooth transition from the old structure to the new structure, the Greiner’s and Lewin’s model will have to be employed[15][16]. There is pressure and arousal from the external forces and the process of reorientation. Walter and the other group of managers need to be taken through the 3 stages of Lewin’s change process theory (unfreezing, moving and refreezing).

The management team should seek to diagnose the problem by gathering extensive information across the company and allow open communication disregarding the hierarchy[17]. In order to develop solution for the identified problems, wide search of alternatives should be collected from the workers and by experimenting[18].

The organizational pathologies that were being faced by Eurocom because of the new structure include management tension, communication crises[19], lack of cohesive teamwork, middle managers’ dilemma and depersonalization of management. The solutions suggested for the pathologies include facilitating collaboration and integration of the working teams, simplifying the organization structure, and personalizing management[20].

In order to ensure easy and smooth adaptation the following approaches named based on the issues that they resolve once implemented in the change strategy are applied.

Human Process Strategies Consultation: the manager can seek advice from with the board of directors, task forces and other organized agencies dealing with organizational issues to assist the old employees in improving their skill and ways of enhancing interpersonal communication. The consultants are professional who will help the group in appreciating factors like norms, collaboration, styles of leadership and influence so that they can become experts of diagnosing problems and learn how to manage them as well.

Team building: the teamwork spirit of EuroCom was greatly damaged by the new structure learning to divisions among the workers. The old executives formed their own ‘club’ where they do not work with the new generation employees. People like Walter Jacobi are isolated, passive and withdrawn from the organizational activities.

The management can organize for teambuilding activities like a retreat where the workers interact in a freer environment than the already tensed workplace. As such, they will be able to bond and possibly develop new working relationships[21].

Techno-Structural Interventions Redesign of the Structure: because, it is the proper structure that will allow the organization to survive in future to cope with the dynamic business market environment, the organization has to make critical innovative structural redesign, this is because it seem to be facing increasing complexity and uncertainty and more difficulties in adapting to the change[22].

The management has to be involved in every step of change process, identifying better ways of coordinating and integrating the relevant activities needed to produce a certain outcome. The structural interventions showing good success entails setting up of task forces, matrix structure or self managed work groups[23].

Flexible workforce – self management: this is the strategy where employees are trained on varying task so that they can be able to handle a range of duties and responsibilities. Note the major problems Walter was having came as a result of increased multitasking and handling different roles at once which made him overwhelmed and bewildered. This strategy will involve cross training and employees will be able to assist each other whenever necessary. The managers and supervisor work as advisors and facilitators of the work teams[24].

Human Resource Interventions Career Planning and Development: the organization should improve career planning for its employees so that they can understand the future probabilities. This can be done by providing crucial information concerning career related issues like education opportunities and promotional requirements. Plus the organization has to provide counseling services and self-development seminars and workshops where individuals are challenged to develop their careers based on the challenges to be addressed[25].

Stress Management: stress can be a major problem when people are struggling to accept and adapt to changes in the origination. These stresses are often caused by role conflicts, increased work demands, ambiguity in future career advancement and poor interpersonal relationships[26].

If an organization is able to provide intervention for managing stress among employees, to identify the stressors and remove them then the people will be in a position to cope well with nerve-racking job issues. By providing the workers with better ways of responding to stress offer them good health hence better job performance[27].

Reference List Case For Analysis: Eurocom, S.A.

Communication And Ethics In Organizations – Lecture 20b

Communication And Organization, The Paradoxes Of Organizing: Structuring Lateral Communication – Lecture 14b

Communication Barriers In Organizations – Lecture 15a

Communication Barriers In Organizations – Lecture 15b

Communication In Organization, Leader Communication In Organizations – Lecture 18a

Communication In Organizations: Conflict In Organizations – Lecture 19a

Communication In Organizations: Groups In Organizations – Lecture 17a

Communication In Organizations: Groups In Organizations – Lecture 17c

Communication In Organizations: Management Theories – Lecture 16a

Communication In Organizations: Planned Change In Organizations – Lecture 21b

Communication In Organizations: Planned Change In Organizations – Lecture 21a

Communication In Organizations: Planned Change In Organizations – Lecture 21c

Operational Steps to Managing Conflict.pdf

Organizational Change Intervention

Specific Organizational Change Intervention

Footnotes Communication in Organizations: Groups in Organizations – lecture 17a

Operational Steps to Managing Conflict.pdf

Case For Analysis: Eurocom, S.A

Communication in Organizations: Planned Change in Organizations – lecture 21a

Communication in Organizations: Management Theories – lecture 16a

Communication in Organizations: Planned Change in Organizations – lecture 21a

Case For Analysis: Eurocom, S.A

Communication in Organization, Leader Communication in Organizations – Lecture 18a

Communication and ethics in Organizations – Lecture 20b

Communication in Organizations: Management Theories – lecture 16a

Case For Analysis: Eurocom, S.A

Communication Barriers in Organizations – Lecture 15b

Operational Steps to Managing Conflict.pdf

Communication in Organizations: Planned Change in Organizations – lecture 21a

Communication in Organizations: Planned Change in Organizations – lecture 21c

Communication in Organizations: Planned Change in Organizations – Lecture 21b

Communication Barriers in Organizations

Communication in Organizations ibid Lecture 21b.

Case For Analysis: Eurocom, S.A

Communication in Organizations ibid Lecture 21b

Organizational Change Intervention

Specific Organizational Change Intervention

Communication and organization, The Paradoxes of Organizing: Structuring Lateral Communication – lecture 14b

Specific Organizational Change Intervention

Specific Organizational Change Intervention

Organizational Change Intervention

Organizational Change Intervention

[supanova_question]

Panopticism Conception by French Philosopher Michel Foucault Term Paper custom essay help: custom essay help

Table of Contents The effect of panopticism

Darkness and light of panopticism

The transparency of action created by panopticism

Grades, discipline, and panopticism

Tenure, discipline, and panopticism

Evaluations, discipline, and panopticism

Conclusion

Works Cited

Panopticism is a concept developed by French philosopher Michel Foucault to illustrate how constant observation can enhance discipline and efficiency in institutions. Foucault developed the panopticism concept based on Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon theory, which stated that designing central surveillance towers in prisons would enhance discipline in the corrective institutions.

According to (Foucault 201), panopticism induces “a state of conscious and permanent visibility” in people, hence making them aware of higher power that they must obey. Such awareness makes people more cautious, and more willing to abide by set rules or laws. Consequently, the society becomes orderly and regimented with only a few people going against set societal rules.

The effect of panopticism Throughout his writing, Foucault uses the panopticism concept as a metaphor for discipline in societies. Specifically, he uses Bentham’s panopticon theory to advance the notion that “power should be visible and unverifiable” (Foucault 201). Foucault gives the impression that seeing goes beyond the physical aspect of sight.

He states that power visibility should be ingrained in a person’s mind, in a manner that creates awareness of a higher observing power. To enforce the unverifiable aspect of power, (Foucault 201) suggests the ‘spies’ should never make their presence obvious to the subjects of their observations. However, the observed must always know that they are under someone’s gaze. Simply put, the spy must do his work discreetly without his subjects becoming aware of his presence.

As a mechanism of power, panopticism has a mysterious and startling effect on people. For starters, (Foucault 202) notes that panapticon “automatizes and disindividualizes power.” As such, the subject of power becomes anxious and more aware that someone could be watching and waiting to impose corrective measures on him or her for wrongful behavior.

Based on the anxiety and awareness created by the all-seeing eye, individuals internalize the concept of power by becoming aware of its invisibility, tact, and plurality. This maintains discipline in the society, since people adopt self-policing actions as a measure of avoiding the consequences of non-abidance from the observer.

Darkness and light of panopticism Citing Bentham (Foucault 202) observes that panoptic institutions are surprisingly light. Quoting some of the examples given by Bentham, Foucault observes that, “there were no more bars, no more chains, no more heavy locks…[in the panoptic institutions].” This observation suggests that the relaxation of physical security measures gave rise to the constraining force of an unseen power.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In Bentham’s views, the constraining force was limited to the panoptic institutions. As such, the effect that panopticism had in arresting evil and breaking communication could only be felt within the panoptic institutions. In Foucault’s views however the full lighting used in panoptic institutions was a “visibility trap” that is replicated in the larger society in order to enforce discipline (Foucault 200).

The dark nature of panopticism is evident through Foucault’s observation that individuals in panoptic institutions are confined into cells where they are visible to the supervisors, but they do not have the liberty to see other people.

More specifically, Foucault observes that such an individual becomes the object and source of information for the observer, yet he or she is not allowed to become a subject in the communication. This ensures that the person under observation is disassociated from the collective mass of people, hence becoming a separate individual who is sequestered and observed in solitude.

The transparency of action created by panopticism According to (Foucault 215) “Discipline ‘makes’ individuals; it is the specific technique of a power that regards individuals both as objects and as instruments of its exercise.” Foucault examines how the panoptical theory is executed in institutions such as hospitals, schools, and prison, and concludes that panopticism enhances efficacy and regulations in such environments.

The use of due dates, timetables and exams further construct and advance the discipline aspect in people by ensuring that a person does what is expected of him or her by those in higher positions of power.

Foucault observes that although power is evident in law and in its raw physical form, it can also be seen in political technologies and norms. In the prison example he uses, Foucault (201) argues that an inmate who believes that someone could be watching him or her at all times alters his or her behaviors accordingly.

Specifically, the writer states, “he who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, assumes responsibility for the constraints of power; he makes them play spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the power relation in which he simultaneously plays both roles; he becomes the principle of his own subjection” (Foucault 202).

We will write a custom Term Paper on Panopticism Conception by French Philosopher Michel Foucault specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With panopticism, the subject of observation takes up desirable behavior, since he believes that he will be examined or judged based on his actions. Being the subject of visibility (and not knowing if the observer is watching or not) becomes a way of life for people in panoptic settings. Such lifestyles persist even when the surveillance stop, thus reinforcing a disciplinary system.

The discipline created by panopticism supports Foucault’s notion that making people believe that they are being watched makes controlling them easier. Once people are convinced that an invisible power is watching them, they willingly alter their behaviors in order to conduct themselves in a manner expected of them.

It is (Foucault’s 219) assertion that “discipline fixes; it regulates or arrests movement; it clears up confusion; it dissipates compact grouping of individuals wandering about the country in predictable ways; it establishes calculate distributions” that capture the entire magnitude of the discipline effect created by panopticism.

Grades, discipline, and panopticism Judging by Foucault’s writings, grades fit in the discipline criteria as well as in the panopticism concept. Grades are awarded based on how well a person performs in a given subject area. In some cases, a person is graded depending on how he or she compares to others. This means that grades are set on concrete applications, founded in the education system.

One can argue that the need to earn good grades indirectly ensure that students maintain discipline in their courses. Grades also fit in the panopticism concept based on the argument that they are earned within an educational institution or setup. A student, who fails to attend school or access knowledge from relevant sources, would surely have bad grades when examined. Besides, (Foucault 204) states that the panopticon also functions like some kind of power laboratory, where “knowledge follows the advances of power.”

Tenure, discipline, and panopticism As the grades discussed above, tenure is not a physical place. However, the same concrete applications applicable in grades apply to tenure too. To execute the terms of tenure however, one would need an inherent sense of discipline, which according to Foucault could be born from taking on the task of self-supervision.

Tenure fits in the panopticism theory since executing the ‘terms of tenure’ requires one to work within set policies set by the employer. Moreover, the tenure holder would want to execute everything as directed by his or her employers in order to attain set goals, and to please the panoptic observer. Specifically, (Foucault 206) notes that the panoptic schema has a preventative character that assures economy and efficacy in personnel.

Evaluations, discipline, and panopticism Like grades and tenure above, evaluations too qualify as a discipline, in addition to being applicable to the panopticism theory. They fit in the disciplines criteria based on the fact that people who would otherwise ignore knowledge strive to concentrate and gain as much of it as they possibly can, based on their awareness that evaluations will be used to test their understanding on a subject.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Panopticism Conception by French Philosopher Michel Foucault by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Failing an evaluation may deny a person better prospects in future, and it is this knowledge that instills discipline in people. Evaluations also fit in the panopticism concept because they represent a scientific method through which social engineering can be attained. Aptly put, by evaluating people, appraisers determine who is fit and competent enough for specific positions in the society.

Reading Foucault’s views gives one the impression that running from the ‘all-seeing eye’ in the contemporary society is a near impossible task. Specifically Foucault observes that panopticism has multiplied itself since those who have been molded under its gaze have moved on to mould others. As such, people have learned not only to watch others for conformity with laid down rules, but also themselves.

This means that the world is a more disciplined place than would be the case if the panoptic schema were not in place. It is also undeniable that the modern man is under the ‘constant’ gaze more than he would care to admit.

New electronic technologies have specifically exposed the contemporary person to more surveillance, with or without his knowledge. Admittedly, today’s panoptic living has beneficial and disadvantageous consequences. Government’s surveillance on its citizens is for example necessary for security reasons. However, it goes against the citizens’ rights to privacy.

Conclusion When used for the ‘greater good’ of the society, panopticism is a marvelous machine that instills discipline in people, and makes the society a more calmer, fruitful, and rewarding place. True to Foucault’s observations, the modern culture is capitalistic, individualized, and disciplined. This makes it comparable to earlier cultures where people operated in a unified manner and thus used observation to serve in internalizing shared beliefs and values.

Due to the competition, broken communication and disharmony created by the individualized, capitalistic modern society, stabilizing features such as schools, hospitals, prisons and other collective institutions have been put in place. They are the modern day embodiment of the panopticon, which has been defined by Foucault. Even where no one else is watching, people in the modern culture strive to be their own observers in order to establish a social identity or survive both physically and emotionally.

The phrase ‘winners never quit’ is just one example of how panopticism has spread the discipline agenda among masses in a manner that present success as the ultimate goal in life. Attaining the most valued assets, values, and rewards in the modern culture is therefore arguably a result of the marvelous machine of panopticism.

Works Cited Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish the Birth of the Prison. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage Books, 1977. Print.

[supanova_question]

Country Review: Switzerland Report best college essay help

Introduction Switzerland has maintained the policy of neutrality in the world affairs and as such it has stood out in the international political stage. For a long time now, the policy of neutrality has been an identity of the country. Switzerland has avoided making any alliances with foreign government, internal governmental bodies and international organization that might involve military, political or direct interference.

As such it has chosen to remain non committal in some of the most pressing matters of political concern. When it has been called to action, the country has opted to play the mediator or peacemaker. Its affiliation with international peers has remained under strict scrutiny at home with stringent laws prohibiting the country towards opening up to alliances with international bodies.

However the very speed at which globalization is growing has brought the county’s philosophy on foreign policy under great peril, at time leading to near mass action. The effects of globalization and the need for the country to take a more active role has seen the country explore the possibility of relaxing it s strict laws that govern its international relations. In the recent past the country has agreed albeit grudgingly to send its armed troops under the UN programs as peace keepers.

Other activities that show the perils of the Swiss foreign policy include the debate on its EU membership, the minaret issue plus the pressure by some of the European country asking her to relax her banking secrecy laws. Therefore these latest happenings at the global arena have brought the country’s international policy under question, thus drifting the country towards isolation as its snails pace in embracing active international ties is seen as anti globalization.

The country’s foreign policy and philosophy Recent activities involving the country’s foreign policy suggest that the country is more prone to conflict than peace, as they have generated much condemnation from international quarters. A recent referendum in the country to allow for construction of minarets returned negative results. This brought a lot of international rebuke from her European neighbors as well as the Arab world. The country has also imposed restrictions on her inter border migration.

This has affected the number of foreigners who can work in Switzerland. Because this is a strict violation of EU migration rules, it has also brought condemnation. Furthermore the country has also dragging its feet towards joining EU much to the chagrin of Europe. Some of the European countries have threatened to take action and force Switzerland to relax its banking secrecy.

As such, the country is increasingly experiencing “un splendid isolation “and rebuke international (Charlemagne Para 1 -7). These activities tend to be more supportive of the skeptics of Switzerland relaxation of its foreign policy interaction who argue that the country stands to loose its unique identify (Para 9).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Winning and loosing seems to be an inherent quality of change. As such the issue of globalization is bound to produce both losers and winners from the economic perspective in this country. The country’s winners and losers are socially and politically generated as the country fathers are vehemently opposed to the idea of globalization. Switzerland inherent demographic inequalities in terms of labor demand and supply creates a need for imported labor.

The growth liberalization and globalization is putting her neutral stance in peril. As such the country sees herself as the permanent looser in terms of her national identity should she open her borders for human immigration and relax her neutrality in world affairs (O’Brien and Leichenko 94, 95).

The recent isolationism has lead to the Swiss government to get involved and attempt damage control. Some of these interventions include the Swiss president flying to Libya to ease the tension between the two countries, which had seen Libya freeze oil exports to Switzerland.

Furthermore the Swiss interior minister is at the front line driving an agenda that is intends to make the country tighten ties with international bodies such as Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as well as cooperating with other countries in scientific research (Miserez para 1, 17).

Switzerland and the competitive advantage of nations Traditionally Switzerland is not n industrial nation. Up to the late nineteenth century the country has depended on exporting human labor. it is a late bloomer when it comes to industrial growth. From the late nineteenth century, up to the early 21st century the country has seen its industry grow tremendously to become a global force. Some of its firms such as Novartis, Nestle and many more are now a force to reckon with globally.

The country has a very small population and as such most of its production is for export, thus becoming a very competitive force in the global market. The country’s competitiveness has also been supported by reliable human resource, infrastructure and availability of capital and vibrant local supporting industries (Flury para 1-3).

However Switzerland is not as strong as it used to be in the late twentieth century. It has been noted with concern that she is the country with the slowest growing rate of the OECD members. Its once vibrant industry is now threatened by sanctions. This is because of the increasing non polarity of and emergence of many centers of power in the world. As such the country is finding that its philosophy of neutrality increasingly threatened.

We will write a custom Report on Country Review: Switzerland specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such the country is seeking to consolidate itself in the world politics by signing extensive and multiple agreements with international bodies and governments (Charlemagne para 8). Furthermore to reinstate its clout in the international financial markets the country is also deliberately depreciating the Swiss Franc so as the currency can have a competitive edge over other world major currencies (Buttonwood para 7).

Switzerland is a relatively stable country and one of the countries that boldly practices direct democracy. As such the relationship between the governments and the Swiss firms is cordial. Swiss industries largely depend on the international market for it’s highly reputable manufactured goods.

Thus the market is controlled by market forces such as demand and supply, instead of the government. Because of its small population, she has one of the highest GDP’s in the world. Therefore she is one of the most stable market eceonmoies in the world (Garcia para 13, 14).

The Swiss, geopolitics of energy and the politics of identity and economic development Switzerland is a land locked country and to make it even more complicated for her, she is not endowed with natural resources such as oil, natural gas among others. Even though she is among the countries that consume the smallest amount of natural gas and oil in Europe she has been drawn into the murky world on energy politics.

She has to collaborate with other EU members to get oil form Russia, the main suppler to the region (Pascual and Zambetakis 9-12). To avoid over reliance of oil from Russia, Switzerland has sourced for oil from other countries such as Libya, a source that has been recently threatened as a result of the latest raw between the two countries (Charlemagne papa 8).

Switzerland is one of the most consistent country in establishing a national identify of neutrality, mediator. This means that she is a non active participant in most of the international affairs. National identity involves closely guarding the Swiss borders not to allow foreigners, whom she argues would dissolve her national identity. The country has had three periods that have been considered crucial in her economic development.

Before the First World War she encouraged foreigners as part of economic development. Between the First and the Second World War, she saw foreigners as a threat to her national identity. After the Second World War foreigners were seen as a temporary measure to her economic development needs. In the late twentieth and early twenty first century, the country is re debating the issue of foreign involvement more specifically her inclusion into the European Union, with strong opposition against her EU membership.

The argument from far right activists is that opening her borders to foreigners and such associations as EU will be unculturation of the unique Swiss identity. This is despite the fact that the Swiss largely on foreigner labor for its economic development as her small population cannot offer the labor required by her industries (Riano and Wastl-Walter 16).

Not sure if you can write a paper on Country Review: Switzerland by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Now that the Swiss economy is not as strong as it once was the Swiss government is trying all it can to strengthen it, while maintaining the Swiss identify. The Swiss parliament is looking to deal with the issue of the rising unemployment without tampering with its immigration policy while the Swiss central bank has opted for explicit depreciation of the Swiss currency to keep it as competitive as possible against major world currencies (Charlemagne para 1; Buttonwood para 3).

Conclusion Switzerland is ac country at cross roads. It is torn between tearing its foreign policy that supports its unique national identity of neutrality and tearing its economic development apart. Recent times have seen globalization grow and influence world politics. Because the country is reluctance to be actively involved in active globalization efforts it thus faces massive condemnation and possible isolation. The effects can only be negative to a country that is seeing its once vibrant economy grow at snails pace.

Works Cited Buttonwood. “Swissie Fit: The Terrible Temptation to Depreciate.” The Economist. 2009. Web.

Charlemagne. “The Swiss In The Middle: Surprisingly, The Swiss Could Soon Reopen Their Debate On Joining The European Union.” The Economist. 2009. Web.

Flury, Beat. “National Competitive Advantage of Switzerland.” Grine. 2002. Web.

García, Joe. “Capitalism: Comparative Economic System.” The Capitalist Economies. n.d. Web.

Miserez, Marc-André. “Switzerland Pursues Globalization Of Science.” Swissinf. 2004. Web.

O’Brien, Karen and Leichenko, Robin. Winners and Losers in the Context of Global Change. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. 2003. Print.

Pascual, Carlos and Zambetakis, Evie. “The Geopolitics Of Energy: From Security to Survival. n.d. Web.

Riano, Yvonne and Wastl-Walter, Doris. “Immigration Policies, State Disclosures on Foreigners and the Politics of Identity In Switzerland.” 2006. Web.

[supanova_question]

Create a Solution for Energy Conservation Problem Solution Essay essay help online: essay help online

Table of Contents Introduction

Problem Statement

Project (Steps)

Solution

Proposers and opposes of the project

Feasibility of the project

Recommendations

Conclusion

Work Cited

Introduction Virtually all households, offices, industries, schools, among others, require energy. There are different sources of energy namely electricity, wind, solar, biogas and firewood among, others. Although electricity is the most available source of energy, it qualifies as the main source of environmental pollution.

Problem Statement Although solar and wind provide energy, the one from electricity is the common worldwide source of energy. However, there is an increase in Environmental pollution due misuse of the electric power because most households, offices, learning institutions and industries, do not disconnect most of the electric appliances when not in use hence wasting electricity energy.

Apart from contributing to the deterioration of the environment, the electric bills also shoot up increasing one’s expenditure. The following project therefore aims at reducing the emissions of electricity due to human ignorance. The hypothesis is that unplugging of all electric appliances for more than six hours a day cuts down the electric bill by twenty percent curbing environmental pollution.

Project (Steps) The steps are so simple with no materials needed other than consent from the owner of the home or wherever the project is being managed. The managers might be parents, office bosses, or school administration. The first step is to “…record the number of all the electric appliances like phone chargers, microwaves, toasters and computers, among others, from the house excluding refrigerators and freezers” (Baruch Para. 3).

Give an identification name for all the rooms plus the number of electric appliances in each. The second step is to check all the electric devices and gadgets in every room unplugging them from the sockets on the walls, switching off all the bulbs that are on. Using the record book, highlight all the devices that have been unplugged. However, this second step applies at specific times of the day hence consistent and discipline is mandatory. Carry out step two consistently for one month.

Thirdly, on the next day, switch on all the electric devices if need be. However, do not switch on appliances when you are not in need of them. On the other hand, there must be a formality and uniformity on the hour, which the appliances are unplugged on each day.

On the 30th day of the month, request for the electric bill from either your parents or the company where you were carrying out your project. Finally, compare the electric bill from the previous month with the one in which the project was done. Calculate the percentage difference and record the results for future reference.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Solution This project resolves the environmental issues on depletion of energy sources and environmental pollution. Therefore, conservation of energy through switching of electric appliances is also a solution to curb carbon emissions from electronic devices like computers and microwaves, to quote a few. The calculation of carbon emissions in every household is by using carbon footprint. Hence, the solution to energy conservation is as easy as unplugging electronic appliances when not in use.

Proposers and opposes of the project Different environmental scientists are campaigning for energy saving or conservation through encouraging people to unplug electronic devices when not in use. For instance, Tracy Metro, an environmental scientist, encourages people to use smart strips, which connect all electric appliances together and when one switches it off all electronic devices in the house goes off hence saving energy. This is a solution to energy conservation.

Feasibility of the project Luckily, this energy conservation tip is not under any form of opposition. On the contrary, the emerging issue is how to ensure that all households and companies take individual responsibilities of following simple instructions like turning off all electric appliances when not in use.

In addition, the project is cheap in terms of resources and labor in that it only requires one to purchase a record book and a pen for use. Ironically, it saves the money spend on settling electric bills. On the other hand, time commitment is the only challenge that one can experience. However, with good planning and management of the available time, it is not a challenge anymore.

Recommendations The recommendation is that one can save energy consumption through the installation of Eco-gadgets like energy efficient bulbs, power surge among others. The use of power strips by plugging in many electronic devices at once, makes switching off easier.

In addition, personal responsibility whereby people are trained to keep on unplugging electronic gadgets when not in use becomes a routine. Finally, the use of Kill-A-Watt, which measures all the amount of energy use, helps one to save energy through the continued observation of the electricity in use.

Conclusion In summary, energy conservation is not only pocket friendly but also cuts down environmental pollution. Worldwide electric energy applies most households and industries; however, there is an increase in misuse of this energy through electronic devices. Therefore, disconnection of all electronic appliances in all households not only curbs carbon emissions but also cuts down the electric bills. In addition, the use of Eco- friendly gadgets that use low power also contributes to energy conservation.

We will write a custom Essay on Create a Solution for Energy Conservation specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Work Cited Baruch, Charles. Super Science Fair Projects: Science fair projects about energy conservation, 2010. Web. https://www.super-science-fair-projects.com/

[supanova_question]

Black Life under the Spanish Rule Essay essay help: essay help

One cannot fully understand the history of African Americans without recognizing the existence of racial and social stigmas motivating the people’s development and evolution. In order to understand the evolution of an African American people, it is necessary to explore the connection between cultural traditions and race relations.

Multiple colonies possessed by the British Empire and Spain took control of these ethnical groups, marking racial prejudices as the stumble block of slave history in the New England colonies as well as those being under the Spanish rule. In fact, British colonies introduced enslavement practice mostly toward African people. At the same time, New England slaveholders strive to assimilate slaves to their white family without recognition of equal relations the white and the black members[1].

In contrast to British colonists, Spanish Florida was more likely to provide their slaves with social and legal protection[2]. Numerous generations of African people under the Spanish rule had possibilities for enhancing their military, diplomatic, linguistic, and artisanal skills and protecting their property and citizen rights. Full realization of existing privileges and better conditions provided by the Spanish colonists is possible through the analysis of social, legal, economical and cultural aspects as considered by each party.

While analyzing social aspects of the African American history and life of black people, primary focus should made on the slavery organization within the kinship framework, being the most appropriate for explaining the term “slave”.

Hence, according to Melish, the concept of family and kinship was considered as “the rhetorical framework in which slave owners themselves represented slavery and formally incorporated slaves into their lives”, being the so-called “members” of the family[3]. Similarly, Holt and Brown provide records of black slaves’ experiences as well as whites’ attitude to African culture, tradition and religion[4].

Description proves that the status of a family member was present, but there were rare occasions when a black slave was treated like equal. Hence, in Equiano’s narration, slave from the Western Coast of Africa, one could pursue the life of a slave as well as his trips from one slave holder to another:

I was bought of the merchant, and went home with them. Her house and premises were situated close to one of those rivulet I have mentions and, and were the finest I ever saw in Africa…The next day I was washed and perfumed, and when meal-time came, I was led into the presence of my mistress, and ate and drank before her with her son[5].

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Black slaves seldom expected lenient and equal attitude from their owners, and the passage presented above proves that that was a rare occasion. Within Spanish colonized territories, society was also viewed as an extension of family and slaves were also involved in the so-called fictive kinship that had a much stronger importance for uprooted adults whose origins were ambiguous[6].

Though there is no direct evidence that Spanish colonists were not concerned with racial stereotypes, the recognition of slave’s rights and humanity and a free manumission policy greatly contributed to the evolution of African Americans from slaves to full-fledged citizens.

Hence, the Spanish government respected property rights and legal status free blacks and this situation was significantly encouraged by “Spanish Florida’ particular geographic, demographic, economic, and political factors…”[7] Apparantly, the Spanish policy was not oriented on meeting the interest of the black population; rather, the creation of stronger legal underpinning was aimed at lessening the tension between the slaves and the colonists.

The situation on the territories of the British mainland colonies was radically different, which was marked by continuous revolts against the uncompromised government. The documents presented by Holt and Brown prove the existence of disturbances and waves of indignation on the British territories[8]. Particular attention deserves the depiction of rebellion in Stono, South Carolina where a confrontation between the Spanish and British governments was revealed.

Attempts of Spanish Florida to attract more slaves caused disorders on the British plantations and triggered the rise of rebellions which were guided by twenty Negros and which were suppressed shortly after they began. Nevertheless, the case demonstrates that British government took less care of their slaves and provided them with no legal and property rights. Furthermore, British regime considerably differed from that presented on the Spanish territories.

Particularly, Melish indicates that “[t]he domestic institution of slavery produced and sustained an ideology, a world view, and a psychology of interpersonal relations that seem to have been widely shared by New England slave holders, despite difference in the actual work performed by urban, rural, and plantation slaves…”[9]. Great dependence on slave regime did not provide British owner with an opportunity to build an economic structure apart from colonialism.

Beside ongoing slave revolts, the American Revolutions gave rise to the religion attack on the part of African Americans. Within this context, Spanish rule also considerably differed from that established by the British slave holders. In particular, besides the fact that Spanish system endowed slaves with the right to work for themselves and own property, African American also had access to the church and to the court[10].

We will write a custom Essay on Black Life under the Spanish Rule specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In contrast, the British government was less concerned with African religious preferences and freedom of choice. As presented in the records on conversion attempts, Francis Le Jau, an Anglican Minister, planned to impose Anglicanism on the black population: “On Sunday next I design God willing to baptize two very sensible and honest Negro Men whom I have kept upon trial these two years…it is to be hoped the good Example of the one will have an influence over the others…”[11].

In this respect, though attempts to baptize the Africans were cautious and delicate, the initial intentions were based on assimilating the black to the white religion, culture, and tradition. Reluctance to accept African identity and origins were premised on the fear of black people’s increasing awareness of the human rights and freedoms.

In conclusion, it can be stated that Spanish slavery regime tangibly differed from that employed by the English invaders. Due to the fact that Spanish policies and rule originated from the Roman law, slaves had property rights and were allowed to work for themselves on holidays.

The slavery system established in the Spanish Florida, hence, was not considered a perpetual bondage; the colonists propagandized humanity and allowed their slaved to have access to the church and to the court. In contrast, British slave holders employed a chattel slavery system and considered that slaves as their property and as people having a few chances for receiving rights and freedoms.

As a whole, all these discrepancies were displayed through social, religious, economical, political issues that were tackled in a difference manner.

Bibliography Holt, Thomas C. and Elsa Barkley Brown, eds. Major Problems in African-American History, Volume I: From Slavery to Freedom, 1619-1877. New York: Houghton Mifflin Press, 2000.

Landers, Jane. Black Society in Spanish Florida. US: University of Illinois Press, 1999.

Melish, Joanne Pope. Disowning Slavery: Gradual Emancipation and Race in New England, 1780-1860. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Black Life under the Spanish Rule by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Footnotes Joanne Pope Melish, Disowning Slavery: Gradual Emancipation and Race in New England, 1780-1860 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000), 26

Jane Landers, “Black Society in Spanish Florida”. (US: University of Illinois Press, 1999), 15

Melish, “Disowning Slavery”, 27.

Thomas S. Holt and Elsa Barkley Brown. Eds. Major Problems in African-American History, Volume 1: From Slavery to Freedom, 1619-1877. (New York: Houghton Mifflin Press, 2000), 111.

Thomas S. Holt and Elsa Barkley Brown. Eds. “Major Problems in African-American History”, 111-112.

Jane Landers, Black Society in Spanish Florida. (US: University of Illinois Press, 1999), 121.

Jane Landers, “Black Society in Spanish Florida”, 3.

Thomas S. Holt and Elsa Barkley Brown. Eds. Major Problems in African-American History, Volume 1: From Slavery to Freedom, 1619-1877. (New York: Houghton Mifflin Press, 2000), 160.

Joanne Pope Melish, Disowning Slavery: Gradual Emancipation and Race in New England, 1780-1860 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000), 13.

Jane Landers, Black Society in Spanish Florida. (US: University of Illinois Press, 1999), 111.

Thomas S. Holt and Elsa Barkley Brown. Eds. Major Problems in African-American History, Volume 1: From Slavery to Freedom, 1619-1877. (New York: Houghton Mifflin Press, 2000), 115.

[supanova_question]

Use of Promotion Items/Gifts Is the Most Beneficial Promotion Strategy Research Paper cheap essay help

Promotional items/gifts are articles of an organization which are often branded with the logo of that organization and used and used for communication and marketing purposes. Such items are given away to promote products and services of an organization.

Promotional products such as pens, coffee mugs, T-shirts and others with the name of a business imprinted on them are very effective when used for that purpose, (Huff 279). Recently, promotional products have been proved to be the best choice of promoting business enterprises’ image, products brands and services. In fact, various studies have come up with Statistics that support this fact. Moreover, they are the promotion alternatives compared to other traditional promotion strategies.

The major advantage of mostly used promotional items is that they can reach a wider market and they can be used on a daily basis by anyone for example, pens and key holders and others. Consequently, they are very effective and beneficial to business enterprises. However, though such products are the best option, it must be clear that other promotion methods such as trade shows, exhibitions, TV and Radio advertisements, internet sites and others are also effective and should not be ruled out. Therefore, this paper examines some of the benefits of promotional gifts which make them unique from other promotion strategies as illustrated by various studies. In addition it should be understood that these products can also be detrimental to the business if not used well. In view of that fact, it will also be prudent to focus on some of the harmful effects that can be caused by such items in this paper.

Promotion gifts are beneficial to a business in various aspects, which makes them a better option from the other promotion methodologies. To start with, these items are very effective in making the recipients remember the products and services of a company, (Hart et al. 38).

This fact is well illustrated by a study that was conducted in America in the year 2006 by researchers from university of Louisiana and university of Texas on effectiveness of promotional products compared to other traditional methods, (PPAIDIM, 2011). The study involved collection of data on responses by recipients of promotional items/gifts given by companies.

The findings of that research showed that approximately 76.1% of those given promotional gifts could recall the name of the business imprinted on these items. Surprisingly, they even could recall the names of those companies even after twelve months since when they were given. From these results it is easy to deduce that such gifts create visibility for a company which can lead to traffic and eventually help to increase level of sales.

Those findings also illustrate the importance of putting the name and contacts of a firm on the items. Such approach will ensure that when clients want to contact the company, they have ready details from the items. In addition, these items facilitate the recipients to be seeing the name of the firm regularly. Therefore, these items serve as a reminder to the clients and this helps to keep long-lived connection.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Another benefit of promotional items is that they help to create a good impression or image of a company, its products and services to clients, (Hart, T. et al. 38). This can be confirmed by the findings of the research illustrated earlier that was conducted by researchers from university of Louisiana and university of Texas, (PPAIDIM, 2011). Statistics derived from this study showed that those respondents who had been offered with gifts were likely to recommend the donor companies compared to those who had relieved nothing.

Significantly, that group had a more positive image which was evident from their comments. These facts explain that use of promotional items do not only give a firm a corporate image but they also enable it to build lasting relationships with would be clients. Consequently, the recipients of these items are likely to talk more about your business and the quality of your services, (Hart et al. 38).

It has been found out that most clients find promotion gifts very useful. Consequently, they form emotional attachment to them eventually to the products and services of the firm offering them those gifts. As such, they foster a sense of goodwill in the client’s mind. In the year 2004, a study had been conducted by L. J Marketing Research on the impact of promotional gifts on performance of business in America, (PPAIDIM 2011).

The data collected from this research indicated that 75.4% of those who were given promotional items kept those items since they found them useful. Further, 73 % of the respondents who found the gifts indicated that they used them at least once every week. In addition, 45.2% of that group claimed to have been using the product at least once every day.

More interesting 52 % of the recipients did business with the advertisers who gave them the items afterwards. In short, those products are very useful in enhancing a sense of belonging to the recipients. Eventually, such clients feel emotionally indebted to the firm and always choose that firm among other similar firms. Therefore, the impact of promotional items is dipper than it seems to be on sight.

Promotional products help to reinforce the impact of other promotion strategies on the recipients. A good example is the findings of the study conducted by L. J Marketing Research. During that study, the researchers divided population from a certain region into three groups. They went to promote products of a certain company to the three groups.

That event involved trade shows where individuals form one group received two gifts each, those from the second group received one each and no gift was given for those from the third group, (PPAIDIM 2011). The researchers later measured the level of remembrance of three groups to the events of trade show and knowledge of the products that were being advertised.

We will write a custom Research Paper on Use of Promotion Items/Gifts Is the Most Beneficial Promotion Strategy specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The findings indicated that the group that was given two gifts was four times able to remember the event and all related details compared to the one that was not given gifts. In addition, respondents that were given gifts had goodwill towards the company while those who were not, the opposite were true.

Also there were significant differences between the first and the second group, the first group ranking higher in this aspect. This means that promotional gifts are very influential and more so when used conjunction with the other available advertisement methods. Therefore, it is recommendable for businesses to complement other advertisement methods with these means.

However, as Hart, T et al (38) explains, promotional items may have harmful impacts to the image of your business. This would happen if these items lead to detrimental effect to the recipient or to the environment. For example, mugs used as promotional items that have sharp edges may injure the user, usually a client or a potential client.

In such a case, the injured person will develop a bad image of all products associated with the logo on the mug. In fact, such a person is likely to preach against the products or services of your business. Similarly, shirts, pens and other items made from nylon and other inorganic materials could be injurious to the environment especially if they are thrown away for disposal. But if a company uses items that are not harmful, it will have ruled out possibility of the negative effect.

Secondly, promotional items can harm the image of a company if they last only for a short period of time and they get used. Such items create bad impression to the users towards the promotional items. They eventually equate such items to the products of your business. For example, if you give low value batteries as promotional items to promote an electronic sales business, this could prove more harm than good to your business.

Such batteries will get used after a very short period of time as it is used by a potential customer. Possibly, the client or potential client will have feeling that your electronic products are of such low value, (Huff 279). However, this will only require a company to make a wise choice of durable products. That way, its good image will not only be maintained, it will also improve.

Finally, promotion items may not be effective if they are not related to your business products or services. This calls for careful selection of such items. For example, use of mouse pads of a computer as gifts to advertise a computer sales business can be very fruitful. Similarly, choosing pens to promote a bookshop is a good option and can be very effective.

But choosing pens as promotion items to advertise the services of a restaurant may not very effective, (Huff 279). But this is easily treated through making a choice of items that are related to the brands of a company’s products. In short, these points explain that though promotional items have a wide range of benefits, they can cause more than good sometimes If not used well.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Use of Promotion Items/Gifts Is the Most Beneficial Promotion Strategy by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Promotional items can be quite beneficial if one wants to use them to promote your business. They will help circulate the name of the business while at the same time helping to draw customers to the business. Evidently, they are very influential in making the recipients remember about the business, its product brands and services. Secondly, they are very effective in enhancing a good image of the business to the recipients.

As such, they can be used to lure new clients to the business. In addition, they help to, maintain the existing clients. Remarkably, such products help the create sense of goodwill in the mindset of a client. Emotionally, the client feels obligated to purchase the products of that business enterprise other than form other similar business enterprises. Lastly, these items produce quite impressive results when combined with other methods of advertisements. They greatly support the impact of those methods.

Though these promotional items are largely beneficial, some circumstances have been examined in which they might be harmful to the business. This would happen if they are harmful to the user or the environment. Still, they can display a bad image of a firm if the are not durable. Finally, they may not be effective when they are not related to the products of a firm.

They thus fail to produce the desired result and end up being costly to the firm. Therefore, though promotional gifts may have harmful results, they are largely beneficial. As explained earlier, it should be understood that the other promotional methods such as tradeshows, exhibitions media advertisements and others are effective and cannot be ruled out. However, various no study indicates those strategies surpass the use of promotional gifts.

Works Cited Hart, Ted, Capps, Adrienne and Bauer, Mathew. Nonprofit Guide to Going Green. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 2009. Print.

Huff, Priscilla. Make Your Business Survive and Thrive!: 100 Proven Marketing Methods to Help You Beat the Odds and Build a Successful Small Or Home-Based Enterprise. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 2006. Print.

Promotional Products Association International and Dynamic Image Marketing Systems (PPAIDIM). Power of promotional products, Dynamic Image Marketing Systems Inc, North California, USA. 2011. 21 March, 2011. https://www.slideshare.net/guest71c04f/power-of-promotional-products-1176037

[supanova_question]

A Book Review: A Civil Action by Jonathan Harr Essay essay help: essay help

American author Jonathan Harr was catapulted into literary fame because of his compelling non-fiction work, A Civil Action. Chronicling the deliberate/negligent toxic contamination of the Woburn, Massachusetts water system during the 1970’s and 80’s, A Civil Action was a 1996 number one best seller as well as a recipient of the National Book Critics Award. Harr invested seven and a half years of intense research/writing and he strictly relied on official court records and personal interviews to reconstruct events.

The fruit of his labors resulted in a searing depiction of a true and tragic event of which the Cleveland Plain Dealer described as “the legal thriller of the decade (front cover).” Spanning 501 pages, the book contains fourteen chapters (with a concluding Sources and Acknowledgments section. The book went on to become an acclaimed 1998 film directed by Steven Zaillian and staring John Travolta along with Robert Duvall (Academy Award Nomination/Best Supporting Actor).

Discovering Woburn children, inclusive of her own child, have been diagnosed with leukemia, resident Ann Anderson and other affected families hire personal injury/toxic tort lawyer Jan Schlichtmann to investigate and file a class action lawsuit. Their allegations were further substantiated and fueled by a five year mortality study conducted by two University of Massachusetts professors chronicling cancer deaths in Woburn which had increased by 17% (Ryan, 1979).

Filed May 14, 1982, Anderson vs. Cryovac (Anne Anderson et al. v. Cryovac Inc. W.R. Grace Inc., John J. Riley Company Inc., Beatrice Inc. – C.A. No. 82-1672-S – D. Mass) was milestone civil action suit. Initially Schlichtmann accepts for prestige and financial success purposes. Evidence surfaces, however, alleging Riley Tannery, a subsidiary of Beatrice Foods, W.R. Grace (a chemical company) and Unifirst deliberately contaminated the town’s water supply with the industrial solvent/chlorinated hydrocarbon TCE (trichloroethylene).

TCE is a chemical compound, a chlorinated hydrocarbon. A sweet smelling clear liquid, TCE is non-flammable. It is used in organic/edible materials such as vegetable oils, etc. and for industrial purposes (dry cleaning solvents, metal parts degreaser, rocket cleaner, etc.).

Excessive consumption is carcinogenic in animals and humans resulting in central nervous systems depression as well as high proclivity to leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The discovery of this heinous evidence marks a turning point for Schlictmann personally as well as the case. Sparring against Beatrice Foods’ condescending defense attorney – Jerome Facher, sensitizes Schlichtmann.

Committed to helping the families with a successful win, Schlichtmann invests everything he has to the point of putting his firm at financial risk. He assembles a team of expert lawyers to assist thereby exhausting his resources and expenses. Finally succumbing to such financial detriment to his firm, Schlichtmann is forced to accept an $ 8 million settlement from W.R. Grace with the case being dropped against Beatrice due to less plausibility.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The settlement is divided among the families, excluding attorney fees and expenditures. Schlicht-mann goes as far as to pay more fees to families who felt he had overcharged them. He eventually files for bankruptcy having lost his home, car with his office becoming his temporary home.

A Civil Action exemplifies the colossal nature and success of civil action suits in terms of counteracting heinous corporate greed, gross negligence and capriciousness. The book illustrates the detriments of such behavior in the corporate sector and issues concerning civil trials (people vs. business/ institutions), procedures, etc.

Diminishing the notion that the victims are rendered powerless, such landmark cases illustrate where there is a will – there is a way. Most importantly, it asserts the difference one person can make when committed to doing right and seeking justice. For this reason alone, A Civil Action will leave its indelible mark.

Bibliography Harr, Jonathan. A Civil Action. Vintage Books, 1996.

Ryan, Charles C. “Deaths from Cancer Increase in Woburn.” The Daily Times – Woburn Edition. December 10, 1979. Web.

[supanova_question]

Design a helper Essay online essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

Personal Robot

Human and Robots

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction Machines based on artificial intelligence help humans to perform domestic chores, educational duties, as well as entertainment purposes. Busy work schedules have led to the designing of robots that help people with domestic chores. Simple robots have been designed to do basic household chores including cleaning, lawn mowing and dishwashing among others. Personal robots as opposed to industrial robots are tailored to fit personal needs.

Personal robots enable an individual to automate repetitive household and work life tasks, which lead to high productivity. A personal or domestic robot also liberates people from unpleasant and dangerous tasks and gives more liberty and security (Cook 144). The main objective of inventing robots is to make life easier for busy people like a pilot, who has less time to attend to household tasks. Robots abide by directions precisely, which in turn boosts their efficiency in the log run.

Personal Robot In my future career as a pilot, the perfect personal robot should be able to help in performing household chores and manage every aspect of my life. The robot will be fully automated to be able to do simple physical and mental works. In terms of set up and anatomical structure, I imagine a robot with enough sensors to allow for safe indoor localization and navigation within the house.

The robot should be wheel driven for easy locomotion in and outside the house. It should be fitted with laser range finder and stereo camera to help it in recognizing the surroundings easily. It should also be capable of assessing whether the job performed is successful or not.

The robot should be designed with responsive artificial intelligence to assist in kitchen tasks including dish washing and cooking. Sophisticated technologies sporting humane limbs, innovative detectors, cameras, fan layout with mobility coupled with many other operative appurtenances will help it to efficiently prepare meals, and interact with utensils and kitchen appliances. Moreover, it should also help in serving breakfast and cleaning the house.

The robot should also be useful in providing help in situations where people are not in the condition to perform the household chores on their own. In addition to kitchen tasks, the robot should be able to do laundry duties. The robot should be designed to sweep dirt and debris that clings to rough surfaces and carpets. It should be able to carry out vacuum cleaning and even outdoor lawn mowing to keep the compound clean. All these activities should be done with less or no human intervention.

To avoid accidents caused by robots, my personal robot will be installed with a safety awareness device that stops the robot automatically. The safety device when pressed, trips the circuit and this causes the robot to stop functioning. A lock down device will also be necessary in my personal robot. This device will be controlled by a specific code that commands a complete shut down of the robotic activities. I will also fit the robot with a trapped key interlock mechanism that causes delay in the activity of the robot.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The key exchange system cuts power supply to the robot parts making the robot to stop spontaneously. In addition to the mechanical guard systems, the robot will also be fitted with a sensing device. This device comprises of pressure sensitive mats which when tripped will require a separate actuation of the controls to reactivate the robot.

Human and Robots Robots also called golems are contrived agents, which take after human beings in many ways including perceptual experience among other factors. However, “robots lack a soul and emotional feelings like humans” (Jefferies 243). The closer interactions of a personal robot with humans make it a friend in the modern society. I will not consider my personal robot human because the robots lack a clear way of expressing desires and orders and rely on instructions from humans in order to respond.

Robots unlike humans lack speech and cannot express themselves by use of gestures and facial expressions. In the home settings, the social rules are so complex as opposed to industries. Therefore, personal robots in addition to making life easier should be able to perceive and understand the surroundings. Moreover, golems have to undergo great changes for them to pass for human beings like developing the capacity to categorize items or have emotions.

Moreover, the idea of safe interaction between the robot and humans makes robots more of a machine than human. Robots lack human detection and motion planning and are so likely to cause accidents just like any other fabricated machines (Craig 65). Personal robots also cannot plan tasks like humans and rely on instructions to function.

Robots rely on orders given to them by humans and thus cannot pass for humans. Additionally, humans are highly adaptable and creative, qualities that are apparently lacking in a robot. A robot cannot protect its own existence rendering it vulnerable to damage and degeneration over time.

Inasmuch as robots help humans with many activities and in the process make life simpler, robots can be a source of worry for humans in future. Personal robots that do everything for an individual like cooking and cleaning may make humans lazy.

The efficiency and the high productivity of robots as compared to humans may make employers to resort to using robots instead of human labor. Consequently, robots will replace several millions of workers around the globe. Massive unemployment will increase the level of crime and insecurity. Robots armies can also be designed including super soldiers for war against enemy nations.

We will write a custom Essay on Design a helper specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The autonomy technologies granted to robots especially robots designed for war is risky to humans. This means that the robots can work independently and even against the intentions of the persons who designed them. These situations present many potential problems as robots may turn out to be rogue agents. The behavior of autonomous robot will indicate that the autonomous technologies are not under direct control of the individual who designed it.

Conclusion Robots especially personal robots are very useful in doing many household chores. They have the advantage of being fast, efficient and do not tire easily like humans. In doing all the chores, they allow people to concentrate in their respective careers. However, robots are a source of worry in the future as they can be risky to humans.

Robots with autonomous technologies take actions without orders from the individual who designed them raising the possibility of these robots acting defiantly even against their architect. Robots of war also limit the role of soldiers and endanger citizens. Given these facts, it suffices to conclude that robots are useful to humans as they make life better for their merits outweigh their demerits.

Works Cited Cook, David. Robot Building for Beginners. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002. Print. Craig, Jones. Introduction to Robotics. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005. Print. Jefferies, Margaret. Robotics and Cognitive Approaches to Spatial mapping: Springer

Tracts in Advanced Robotics. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2008. Print.

[supanova_question]

Popular Culture and Teenage Pregnancy Among Americans Essay essay help online free

Table of Contents Introduction

Popular culture and teenage pregnancy

Teenage pregnancy among Americans

Teenage pregnancy among Asians

Recommendations for tackling teenage pregnancy

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction Popular culture, which is popularly referred to as pop culture is the entirety of thoughts, points of view, approaches, reflections and other trends that are considered chosen per an unofficial accord within the conventions of a certain civilization.

This has been the case particularly in regards to the Western society of the early to the middle 20th century and the up-and-coming international normalcy of the late 20th and 21st century (Browne, Ray

[supanova_question]

Why is society stratified? Essay essay help: essay help

Sociological theory is a complex theoretical and analytical inquiry that is used to explain a discourse of social study. Sociological study is well constructed under the auspices of sociological concepts.

Of all sociological theorizations, the inception and continued stay of class in society has inspired many a theorists. The questions are why there are people of low class and others of higher class. Why has nature designed poor people and rich fortunate ones and why? In the helm of explaining this phenomena are Karl Marx, Max Weber and Emile Durkheim.

Right from the time of Karl Marx, society acquired a new dimension in terms of stratification and class formation. Marx was a functionalist in the 1960s whose thought inspired many movements in the social sciences.

Karl Marx endeavored to explain the reason as to why society is highly stratified and he did this from economic point of view. Karl Marx had noted that his society was dominated by people who own the means of production though they were a minority while proletariats or workers whose only commodity of sale was their mere labor are the majority. Interestingly, their lack of material possession had rendered them powerless economically and socially.

For instance Marx noted that the bourgeoisie class depended on the working class. Actually industries produced their goods after workers worked and there was a lot of exploitation of the worker and this dehumanized the worker and occasioned his demotion to a lower status.

It was his position that one’s humanity inheres in his labor and therefore, one is ultimately dehumanized whenever his or her labor is directed by another person. As a result of this, society is classified into the poor and the rich, the bourgeoisie and the workers. This would lead to rational choice theory whereby the interaction between the bourgeoisie and the working class is critically examined.

Emile Durkheim on his side would explain class difference by claiming that out of this interaction and dominance search is born social facts (Bert 1). The working class, strewn of their social power and their lack of material wealth, prefer to be subservient and hence laying ground for exploitation, dehumanization and discrimination by the higher class.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Social differences according to Durkheim are a product of inculcated ‘social facts’ for instance social norms, values, behavioral patterns; that exist and persist in a society so that they are deeply entrenched and alternatives are never to be embraced.

Another social scientist, who came forward in the modern era to explain social differences, was Max Weber. He, like Karl Marx, saw social status authority as more of economic oriented than nothing else. In his explaining these differences Weber believes that power is all about change of man in his quest for own will in a command action, even in resistance of others who are participating in this action.

Power is nothing but a fruit that one man has a crave for and he is determined to pick it whatever it takes even if it takes sniffing life from another human being. This is where the concept of reducing man as a means presents itself on the social stage. For those sociologists who use Darwinian concept, this is explained in terms of the constant struggle for survival. Existence of class in society is therefore as a result of competition for materials.

In modern society in fact business of capitalism has been rooted in the lives of a people. People take capitalism as a vocation and therefore they attend to it honestly, efficiently and with sincerity. What Weber is trying to analyze is that people are placed in their social position by a force that they have accepted in consensus concertedly. This is what Durkheim was branding ‘social facts’ in fact.

Weber further explains that power grants confidence in a man who bears it and the bearer of power is able to realize his ends in a proper manner against those who are just spectators on the edges. This power that is acquired through capital ownership is an existential factor that positions people in their respective classes (Bert 1). He sees society therefore as made up of the owners of property and those who offer services.

The placement is inspired by what he calls orders. Society is made of three orders: social order that conjures up status group, economic order that makes proper arrangements for the distribution of economic opportunities without social honor and legal order that acts as a judge in determining constitutional status of a group.

Unlike Karl Marx, Weber believes that class is guided by the economic factor; therefore property and lack of property are the key vehicles of class situation.

We will write a custom Essay on Why is society stratified? specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The economic group chances are the key determinants of class groups according to Max Weber. In conclusion it is deducible form these social theorists that the major impetus behind inequality of class in the society is just economic factors or material possession. The obsession is well rooted into the society and the prefect of this is none other than capitalism that society in whole has greedily swallowed.

Works Cited Bert N. Adams and R.A., Sydie, Sociological Theory, Pine Forge Press. London, 2001. Web.

[supanova_question]

Medical Ethics: Arguments for Medical Dishonesty Research Paper essay help site:edu

Introduction American citizens demand ethical medical care besides the ordinary affordable medical care. Ethical principles are prerequisite to ensure patients’ protection, guarantee integrity, to sustain least standards of quality, and to curb extravagant and deceitful expenditure of medical care resources.

Therefore, without the protection of ethics, the medical care organization will be an analogy of a financial jungle, within which the fast and the superior will enjoy enormous financial gain over the sick and the susceptible. Obviously, such a setting would not appeal to the public when they are sick, vulnerable or weak (Miller, 1998).

Americans are increasingly finding out that the managed care system mostly does not meet the expectations of the consumers. The managed care system focuses primarily on reducing cost to increase profits, while its consideration on the ethics and quality of care comes second. In spite of the widespread reports by the media and medical care practitioners on unethical managed care practices, the managed care sector is not responding positively to the allegations (Miller, 1998).

Medical dishonesty The ethics literature dealing with deceit of patients dedicates a lot of its resources to uncover the definition of deceit. In this context I will explore beyond the direct passing on false information.

This paper will also include the deliberate decision to hold back from the terminally ill patient information which, the physician contemplates to have a crucial impact on the patient. Based on this definition, deceiving a cancer patient who wishes to know his or her diagnosis, will entail falsehood surpassing the act of merely telling the patient that he is cancer free.

It will as well encompass half-truths intended to deceive, for instance the respond that s/he has a metaplasia or elusion with an equal objective, such as uttering deceitfully that there is not yet sufficient information to discern. In day to day terms, distinction between deceit, half-truths and elusions, although such distinctions do not play a major part in ethical debate concerning these issues and they are generalized as deceit (Ryan, Moore,

[supanova_question]

Political Communication Essay college essay help: college essay help

Being under the influence of globalization, political culture has acquired significance within the national context. In this regard, the study of political communication is necessary for explaining and understanding its essence. In book called Communicating Politics in the Twenty-First Century, Sanders (2009) outlines theoretical concepts and themes related to political communication. The author also provides an in-depth study of current media and politics.

Using contemporary and historical examples and cases, Sanders presents the essential theoretical frameworks and main researches in this academic field. To be more precise, the scholar presents historical, interdisciplinary, and ethical approaches to studying political communicating, stating that these aspects can better contribute to a deeper consideration of the political processes.

Discussing historic theoretical model, the author provides subsequence stages of political development to explain the role of various disciplines in political communication. This historical analysis ranges from the political positions expressed by Rousseau and Dickens to the current means of political and media culture.

While introducing the means of political communications – from mass media to the Internet – the author intends to explain the way public opinion and public news coverage influences the character of political communication. Hence, through means and techniques, but not through the participants, the author provides a snapshot of political process capturing a significant historical period.

While analyzing political communication from the disciplinary viewpoint, the author correlates this study with ethical and cultural issues. In particular, Sanders considers it necessary to assess the role of ethics in forming political processes, including decision-making and problem-solving. Apart from ethical considerations, the author also discusses the role of cognitive sciences and political research in developing arguments concerning how politics should regulated and administered in the twenty first century (Sanders, 2009, p. 175). Finally, using a multidimensional approach to examining the study, the author also provides the major components contributing to identification of the chief aspects of political communication (Kaid, 2004, p. 89).

Finally, the author resorts to ethical and cultural models of studying political communication. In particular, Sanders (2009) believes that there should a clear distinction between certain concept and theme allowing to understand the essence of successful communication. The ethical issues in politics come to the forth when it is necessary to consider moral and social aspects of democracy.

What is more important the author emphasize the ethical problems are especially urgent in the light the globalization process when the public should be interested in the welfare of the globalized community (Sanders, 2009, p. 178). With the emergence of the Internet, the aspects of ethics and democracy have become the opposed issues (Denton, 2000, p. 51). Therefore, the study of political communication should take into consideration such aspects as media, Internet, globalization, and regulatory governance.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In conclusion, Sanders’ book comprehensively presents the basis theoretical models that have greatly contributed to the study of political communication. While examining these theoretical frameworks, the author connects them to practical side of the political process, paying more attention on the means of the development of the political communication.

In particular, using historic and interdisciplinary view, the author provides a clearer image of today’s situation in the world of politics. What is more important is that the research attains the importance to the consideration of ethical issues introducing new dimensions and fresh insights of political culture in the twenty first century.

Reference List Denton, R. E. (2000) Political Communication Ethics. US: Greenwood Publishing Group.

Kaid, L. L. (2004) Handbook of Political Communication Research. NY: Routledge.

Sanders, K. (2009) Communicating politics in the twenty-first century. US: Palgrave Macmillan.

[supanova_question]

Article Review: What MTV Hath Wrought Essay college application essay help: college application essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

Review of the Article

Conclusion

Work Cited

Introduction In this article, the author asserts that the advent of Music Television or MTV as it is more popularly known brought a change in network television and advertising that gradually became ingratiated into the American culture. The purpose of this paper is to review the article and highlight the arguments presented by the author in support of the statement.

Review of the Article Right from the beginning, MTV was created to target a very exclusive group with advertising in mind. The group was eighteen to twenty-nine year olds who had proved elusive to marketers. A round the clock music channel was deemed as the perfect way to grab the attention of this market segment. The plan went well, since by 1984, three years after its inception, MTV was turning a nice profit (Anon, n.p).

MTV’s focus was on the visual; the rock music played had music videos which though at times had no connection to the narrative, were full of color and motion, and the bizarre. The videos were more focused on the visual and not the sound. MTV watchers, though a small and select group, were very loyal to the channel despite concerns raised that there was blatant portrayal of stylized violence, hatred of women and drug use (Anon, n.p).

Though MTV was never overwhelmingly popular as compared to other cable channels of the time, the author quotes that it was once described as being the ‘single most influential cultural product of that decade’(Anon, n.p). Since MTV was targeted at a very specific group, it appealed almost exclusively to that group. However, how the style adapted by the channel influenced other areas of television and popular American culture is what is of greater interest (Anon, n.p).

It was acknowledged that MTV shows were one long advertisement. Though later on the channel expanded its program line-up to include shows other than music videos, and which did better on the rating charts than the music shows, the essence of MTV was the music. The recording firms that created and supplied the music videos had their own agenda, and MTV was the agent of fulfilling this agenda (Anon, n.p).

The effect that MTV had on rock as a music genre, and movies were more immediately observed; the effect of MTV on network television was much more gradual. In the movies, the rock music production style was tried: the use of handheld cameras, applying experimental art-film techniques, and using extreme visuals in production (Anon, n.p).

Why the MTV ‘style’ crept into other mainstream network television is because American culture is one that is obsessed with youth and all things youthful. This was the launching board for the MTV style which laid emphasis on sensation but not thought.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More It is a ploy that worked well for advertisers who did not want the viewer to think about the product, just for them to buy it. Why MTV was suitable for perpetrating the culture of sensibility television is because, as the author notes, music works more with feeling and emotion, than with rational thought (Anon, n.p).

Slowly, the style was adopted in television shows where sating the senses took over making the brain work. The very first show of this genre was ‘Miami Vice’, which, as the author notes, was actually called ‘MTV Cops’ before it was given its broadcasting name.

It was like an extended MTV rock video right from the soundtrack to the jumpy narrative, the stylized violence, and of course plenty of visual stimulation. As one literal critic commented, and as noted by the author, the cops in the series wore costly suits and drove costlier cars. Despite the fact that the portrayed lifestyle could never be afforded on a cop’s paycheck, this did not stop the show from being immensely popular (Anon, n.p).

Other channels followed suit such as Hollywood Beat, and even a news show- West 57th– that worked at combining the visual and sensual appeal with practical news reporting (Anon, n.p).

The MTV effect was like a pack of dominoes falling; the epicenter was the MTV channel itself, then the advertising firms adapted the visual-sensual approach. After that came network television which created shows appealing to the eye and numbing to the brain. From such shows generated tabloid television which elevated celebrities with all their trivialities to new heights.

Tabloid television is pure emotion and no thought; there is no justifying the gripping urge that has come over America to follow the inane lives of television superstars so ardently, to live, eat and breathe their every action. It is very juvenile.

As the author remarks, by 1984 the sensual-without-thought had crept into American culture and politics. When Ronald Reagan was running for the presidential office, political analysts noted that his campaign was full of bluster but no substance (Anon, n.p).

We will write a custom Essay on Article Review: What MTV Hath Wrought specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another effect has been simulation; there is no clear distinction between appearance and reality. It is well known that most singers do not write their own music. With digital enhancements it becomes even more difficult to distinguish between real artists and those who rely on auto-tune for their vocals.

This tendency has spread further afield; ghostwriting has become the norm. Comedians no longer write their own jokes but get all the credit. Politicians rely on speechwriters for inspiring speeches. As Ronald Reagan put it, if you really believe in it, it is true.

MTV also resulted in the blurring of lines between advertising and programming in network television. It has spurred the creation of infomercials which normally just serve the advertisers’ means. In the larger picture, it fueled consumerism; the constant urge to mindlessly acquire what advertisers sell on cable television, to be like the alluring celebrities on tabloid television. It is an incessant attempt to purchase what celebrities on television have; beauty, youth, and an illusion of happiness (Anon, n.p).

The author concludes that television viewing has been transformed greatly over the decades, ever since the advent of the first black and white set. In what is termed in the article as the ‘post MTV-era’, viewers create their own version of MTV by channel surfing. The channel switching creates a mosaic of not necessarily coherent images and sound that is in many ways reminiscent of an MTV rock video (Anon, n.p).

Conclusion MTV remains a highly popular channel within the group it initially targeted in 1981, and which it still targets today. The stylistic approach has permeated network television beyond; it is as though MTV started a sensual orgy that does not have the appearance of coming to an end any time in the near future.

Work Cited Anon. “What MTV Hath Wrought.” Undated. http://ruby.fgcu.edu/courses/10251/comment12.html 17 feb, 2010.

[supanova_question]

Alcoholism Disease or Self Will Research Paper college essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

Physical Effects

Predisposing Factors

Treatment of Alcoholism

Opposition

Conclusion

References

Introduction Alcoholism is a compulsive disorder due to the addictive effects it has on alcoholics. It is a deteriorative disorder characterized by addiction, lack of self-control, distorted thinking, and tolerance to alcohol. Alcoholism claims 100,000 lives annually and this is an alarming figure for the involved parties to ignore. About 9% of adults in the United States are alcoholics while about 43% of adults are under a given stress related problem due to friends and family members who consume alcohol.

Moreover, the cost of dealing with alcoholism is rising sharply compared to that of other killer causes like obesity and cancer. “Alcoholism improves a drinker’s odds of developing cancer of the throat, larynx, liver, colon, kidneys, rectum, and esophagus … it may also contribute to immune system irregularities, brain damage, harming an unborn baby, and cirrhosis of the liver” (Walker, 2004, p. 1).

In spite of severe criticism, the American Medical Association classifies alcoholism as a disease because it affects the health of its consumers. The devastative health effects of alcohol prove that alcoholism is a disease and not a self will habit.

Physical Effects Alcoholism as a disease has serious physical effects to the body because it affects organs and systems such as the liver, the heart, and the nervous system amongst other critical organs in the body. Since alcohol has the potential to cause complication in the body system, liver is one of the crucial organs affected by alcohol because it functions in the metabolism of alcohol in the body. Absorbed alcohol from the stomach immediately goes into the liver for further metabolism since liver is a detoxifying organ in the body.

“The amount of alcohol ingested, independent of the form in which it is ingested, is the most important risk factor for the development of alcoholic liver disease” (Robert

[supanova_question]

“The Fall of the House of Usher” college application essay help: college application essay help

Introduction “The Fall of the House of Usher” and “The Cask of the Amontillado” by Edgar Allan Poe are good examples of gothic fiction. A gothic tale is a horror kind of a story that portrays a fight flanked by motive and fallacy or light and darkness.

In summary, the main goal of any gothic story is to arouse fear in the reader or viewer of the story. Their setting is imaginary in an old, scary, and absurd environment that probably has never existed. As the narration progresses, fear arises in the reader or viewer, and finally, something horrific happens. “The Fall of the House of Usher” and “The Cask of the Amontillado” share all of the features above, as well as the main themes that exist in Edgar Allan Poe’s writing. The similarities between the two stories outweigh their differences.

The Fall of the House of Usher: Summary The story commences with the narrator’s visit to the house of Usher, the one where his childhood friend, Roderick Usher, lives. The narrator receives an invitation via a letter to visit him since he has been ill for a while and needs the narrator’s help.

When he arrives, he notices a scary look of the setting and the lake around the house that gives an equally frightening image. The narrator notices change in Roderick’s appearance, probably due to his failing health. He also learns that his twin sister, Madeline Usher, one of the “The Fall of the House of Usher” main characters, is also very ill with a terminal disease. He also notices paintings on the walls and an improvised guitar.

In attempt to cheer up his friend, the narrator starts reading the writings on the paintings aloud, but he realizes that they do not cheer him up and so he tries listening to the recordings in the guitar when he hears him humming some word like “the haunted palace” (Poe, “The Fall of the House of Usher” 4). He does not understand all these.

Later, Roderick informs the narrator of his sister’s death and his plans to first place her in the family vault for two weeks before her final burial. The narrator helps him to put her in the coffin and take her to the trunk. The days that follow are full of fear and agitation for both, for no apparent reasons. At the end of one week since the death of Madeline, the narrator is so disturbed at night until he wakes up and dresses. Soon, Roderick knocks on the narrator’s room, also so scared.

They open the window, but the storm is so strong that it almost sways Roderick. To comfort him, the narrator starts to read a “romance story, The Mad Trist” to Roderick. He keenly listens until it gets to the part that “Ethelred, the hero breaks into the dwelling of a hermit by driving his spiked war club through the door. The sound of the cracking, splintering wood reverberates through the forest” (Cummings 6). At the same time, the narrator hears a similar voice far in the house.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More He reads on how Ethelred kills the dragon, and he hears a wild scream again in the mansion. As the narrator continues how Ethelred “walks up to the shield but before he can reach for it, it falls” (Poe, “The Fall of the House of Usher” 14), he hears a similar sound in the mansion.

Soon, the door flies open, with Madeline standing there with her burial garments filled with blood. She falls on his brother, and they both fall down dead. The narrator runs away out of the mansion, but a red moonlight on the house makes him turn behind and look, then he sees the house sinking and the lake around it covering it completely.

The setting of the story is on an autumn day in the evening, in the olden days. The first sight of the mansion is horrific view itself, Cummings says, “The place is a forbidding mansion in a forlorn countryside” (7). The house is enclosed by a fungus, and surrounded by a little lake, tarn.

The fact that the house is covered by fungus shows desperation, hopelessness, and terror. The small lake that looks like a moat makes the house look isolated and mysterious. One small bridge connecting to the mansion over the tarn adds even more fear, especially should someone think of escaping.

The narrator, who is a friend to the master of the house, faces terrifying experiences during his visit. The master, Roderick Usher, experiences a miserable depression portrayed by odd conduct. Madeline Usher, the twin sister to Roderick, also experiences a weird illness, which leads to her death.

Surprisingly, she rises from her coffin, does many strange things culminating in the killing of her own brother. The physicians are also very important characters in the story, as Roderick depicts it, they intend to unbury his sister should he bury him outside, because they want to research on her disease since it is a unique one (McAleer 34).

The Cask of Amontillado: Main Themes The story starts in an evening in a yearly festivity in an Italian town. The people are jubilant with celebrations, but one of the characters, Montresor, is quite unlike others. He remembers the night when he murdered his friend Fortunato because of an unspecified insult. In a flashback, he entices his friend with some wine, which he calls Amontillado from Spain, which he further reports he is not sure of the quality (Rust 18). We see that “The Cask of Amontillado” plot is built in reverse order.

We will write a custom Essay on “The Fall of the House of Usher”

[supanova_question]

Development and Challenge in Greater China Analytical Essay college essay help online

Table of Contents Introduction

Population policies and Economic Development in China

Labor mobility and Economic Growth

Migration and Economic Growth

Conclusion

Reference List

Introduction In the last three decades, China has undergone profound transformation both population wise and economically. The decline in the mortality rates in China caused a rapid population growth which, attracted the intervention of policy makers to put in place restrictive population policies based on the view that population growth has adverse effects on per capita income of the population.

In a bid to improve the standards of living of the Chinese population and slow the population growth rate, China’s leaders in 1980 developed the One Child Policy per couple. Economically, China has transformed from a socialist closed economy to a market based economy becoming one of the fastest growing economies in the world.

During the last three decades, the demographic trends favored economic development due to low dependency ratio and a large number of working population but with the new policy, old age dependency will affect the economic growth. The traditional view that high population growth has adverse effects on economic growth may not be entirely true. Population policies, labor mobility, and migration have affected China’s economic development positively over the last three decades.

Population policies and Economic Development in China China’s adoption of One-Child policy led to a decline in the population growth rate (Chan, 1994, p.46). Because of this policy, population growth rate in the mainland China declined from 1.9% in 1949-1982 to 0.6% in 2000-2010 and led to a change in the age structure of the population, which caused an impact on the Chinese economy over the past three decades.

The decline in fertility from an average TFR of 4.2 in 1981 to 2 in 2000 meant that age groups with low productivity and high consumption reduced while the productive population increased at a faster rate leading to an increase in the rate of per capita income.

However, as the demographic transition proceeds, the growth of the working population will decline compared to that of the total population leading to more old-age population and eventually affect the per capita output of the population.

During China’s economic transition, the demographic changes affected economic development. The uneven regional economic developments led to the mass migration especially to the eastern costal areas of China with a high economic growth rate (Chan, 1994, p.49).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More There was massive rural-urban migration in the post-reform China caused by economic growth. In 1958, China designed a system (hukou system) to control the population migration and labor mobility across its regions in order to develop a market economy (Whalley,

[supanova_question]

Importance of the Race and Gender in the Segment of a Market Essay argumentative essay help

The segment of a market is the part of the broad market that can be singled out as having convergent needs, wants and represents a certain age category. This is done by studying the spectrum of the area to be covered, the distance to be covered. Age bracket of the people to be catered to at any given period has also to be critically assessed.

Male and female are not in the same par when it comes to particular needs and wants so one has to be very sensitive of gender when segmenting. Maslow argues in a kind of a pyramid how needs are prioritized and grouped in the same way basic needs are grouped. His system is useful in identifying the most crucial commodity a given group in the society needs and must be fulfilled before any other.

People in a given society engage in different professions. Different professions have different food and nutrients demand and thus the targeted group’s profession cannot be overlooked to efficiently cater for it. The income of targeted group has also to be put into careful consideration so as to process a product that the target group can easily afford and hence ensure good returns to the company.

In other cases the race of the target group is important since there are different cultures associated with different races. The environment, climate and weather of the region have also to be paid careful (Smoke 2005). This enables the company to produce the most suitable commodity for the given section of the market.

For the new beverage to be of a great success a wider age group must be targeted. This can be achieved with ease since the new drink contains ingredients that are recommended for almost all age groups although it would be advisable to pay attention mostly to the still growing generation of children and young people (Mercer 1996).

Fruits are beneficial to most if not all people for healthy growth, many medical professions recommend so for good body maintenance and positive required body metabolism. The new drink contains different fruit ingredients and would be popularly endorsed by the people. It is difficult and costly to provide various fruits and thus the drink will cater for these worries. Unlike fruits the drink is not perishable and can be stored for long periods thus economical and convenient.

This drink will also be very useful to school going children. It is affordable, convenient to pack and carry and most important it is hygienic. Parents would be eased the burden of worrying for fruit supplements for their growing children. Children require vitamins for healthy body growth and this drink provide such in the fruit ingredient.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The drink has a sweet taste that will be most appealing to children and young adults therefore most of the effort should be put on the young generation. This product can be taken at any time of the day by all people. It contains no alcohol content or excessive sugars and is suitable for persons even with diabetes.

It will be environment friendly without pollution. This is so as the drink will be packaged in re-usable glass bottles to be later collected, those in plastic bottles and paper made packets are of high standards and also re-usable. The different packaging and in different quantities will have catered for a wide variety of people and the portability will be an advantage to those on transit.

Research shows that food and drinks are a major cause of obesity. This drink contains no fats or cholesterol which is the main cause of food- cause obesity making it appropriate even to those who want to cut weight.

Focusing on a wide range of people in the market will guarantee more sales and would have over shone the main competitor (Baker 1998). Our main arc rival and competitor have chiefly concentrated on youthful athletes predominantly males. Our drink has also catered for that category by not having any cholesterol while at the same time containing essential nutrients to enhance efficient body metabolism. Our product is for both genders making it to cater for a wider spectrum than our competitor.

While marketing this drink outside the US it would be best to concentrate on nations that have temperate and equatorial environment as the temperatures there make it conducive for cold drinks. And other nations are appropriate when it is not winter. The best mode of advertising to this segment is through the general media but mainly during hours that the young adults and children are paying more attention like during sports, soap operas, kids’ Programme.

Print media is also very appropriate for this advertisement especially columns for young people and general audience (Moore 2010). Using popular celebrities during advertisement could also be very appropriate; this is so since they are idolized by their fans that do most of the thing they see their idols do. Social networks like twitter and face book cannot be ignored as they have millions of followers, furthermore they are quick and cheaper and cover areas not easily accessible by other means.

Reference List Baker, J, et al (1998). Marketing: Managerial Foundation. Australia, McMillan Publishers.

We will write a custom Essay on Importance of the Race and Gender in the Segment of a Market specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mercer, D. (1996). Marketing. Massachusetts, Blackwell Publishers.

Moore, K, Paree N. (2010). Marketing: the Basics. New York, Routledge.

Smoke, C. (2005). Company Officer. Clifton Park, Thomson/Delmar Learning.

[supanova_question]

Development of New Space Vehicles: Manned Flight to the Moon and Mars Research Paper essay help online free: essay help online free

Table of Contents Introduction-The Case for and History of Manned Flights

Exploration and Colonization of Moon and Mars

Man in Space

Space Project Management

Works Cited

Introduction-The Case for and History of Manned Flights Manned flights to space promise several rewards for the space industry and for humanity in general. Some of these rewards relate to the flight itself while others address themselves to the improvement in space exploration capabilities when man is present. First, manned flights require simpler flight control techniques and equipment since a human operator checks and adjusts flight parameters. The need for advanced equipment required for unmanned flights characterized by many sensors, actuators, and diagnostic tools reduces.

The net effect is the reduction of vehicular costs since these controls form a substantial part of research and development costs of space vehicles. Secondly, the need for manned flights lies in the realization that technology, no matter how developed, never adequately substitutes human judgment. Space knowledge is still infantile to allow for a complete simulation of anticipated conditions informing the design of craft. Human presence reduces the mission risks associated with unpredictable situations and environments.

Thirdly, the presence of man either at the Moon or in Mars, a product of manned flight, will improve data collection and analysis capacity on site. While there have been great strides made in the exploration of space in the last half of the twentieth century, a great portion of the Moon and Mars remain unexplored. Armed with a space lab, an astronaut remains capable of performing many experiments and tests, and making many more observations than what a Lander can do, no matter how sophisticated.

The fourth reason necessitating manned flights to space is that development of requisite technologies will lead to innumerable spinoff advantages in various aspects of human life. Olla notes that space technology, “is used to provide services and fulfill the goals for people on earth” (413). Finally, man will not be satisfied to experience space behind the controls of sophisticated equipment millions of miles away. True scientific inquiry will drive man to seek to experience space through his senses.

The Apollo 11 landing on the surface of the Moon represents the highest point yet in the conquest of the cosmos by man. The Apollo project arose amid many circumstances that had a rare confluence at the time. This was the height of the cold war and Russia had beaten America to space via the Sputnik. This was the United States way of reclaiming its place as a pioneer in the space race.

President Kennedy’s administration was pivotal in providing the resources NASA needed to accomplish this goal. In scale, the project compares to the construction of the Panama Canal and the Manhattan Project. This was the first time that a space vehicle delivered a man to an extraterrestrial body and later safely returned him to earth. Through this project, the world saw for the first time pictures of the earth taken from a different vantage point.

The key lessons of the Apollo project are that it takes a multidisciplinary team to attain the heights of space. It requires a careful balance of politics, project management, and favorable public opinion to pull off such projects. The project gave way to the shuttle program.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The shuttles development came about as a means of encouraging reusability of space vehicles as opposed to the hitherto single use rockets. The shuttles are not entirely reusable. They have external thrusters that propel them into space and drop off while their engines take over for the rest of the flights.

The shuttle itself reenters the earth’s atmosphere and later lands on a conventional runway. While not entirely reusable, the shuttles have reduced the costs of spaceflight significantly since there is no need to construct new shuttles every time there is need to go to space. They represent the model that will be the basis for new space vehicles.

There have been two disasters involving shuttles. One of them, the Challenger, blew up during take-off because of a fault in its external thrusters. The other, Columbia, blew up as it was reentering the earth’s atmosphere. The lesson from these disasters is that space vehicle design is ongoing and will remain a risk for as long as space travel excites man.

For an industry literally reaching for the heavens, the technology is still nascent and requires a great deal of refinement. The future of space vehicles lay in reusability. The shuttle is half way there. When we develop technologies, where space vehicles will only require refueling without external thrusters, then the industry will be mature.

Current development of space vehicles mills around the use of single-stage-to-orbit vehicle, which unlike the shuttle has only one rocket engine. The design reduces the number of opportunities for mishaps and increases the number of reusable parts. Other concepts attracting the imagination of designers include the runway- to-space design, where a vehicle takes off, not from a custom-built platform, but from a runway.

This will reduce the takeoff-associated risks and the very high temperatures a conventional takeoff generates. The need for new vehicles is acute as the shuttle program winds down. The International Space Station requires a regular means of access to provide supplies and to transfer experiments.

The shuttle program provided this means. Some new vehicle must replace it. Its design will reflect the state of the art of space vehicle design. Conley warns that in the area of space technology design, new designs will not necessarily do away with old problems but will come with a new set of challenges.

We will write a custom Research Paper on Development of New Space Vehicles: Manned Flight to the Moon and Mars specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Exploration and Colonization of Moon and Mars The need to colonize the Moon is no different from the needs that drove humanity to colonize every known corner of the world. It has always been about discovering the unknown, finding new grounds for habitation, location of fresh resources to meet the rising needs, and conquest. When science expands, humanity improves for it.

It is not always without risk, but more often than not, science provides practical answers to humanity’s problems. Exploration and colonization of the Moon and Mars will stretch our imagination beyond the basic instinct to survive. In the process, new knowledge that will contribute solutions to our earthly problems will arise.

The earth is finite. There is a limit to how much it can do for us. Eventually, the century old practice of searching for new grounds will catch up with us and once more, we will need to find fresh ground to settle our burgeoning population. As unlikely as it seems now, the Moon and Mars are the next frontiers.

They are vast, uninhabited, and with some work, they might just be habitable. The human race has never been comfortable with just knowing where the boundaries are. It is time to look elsewhere, outward, since we have mapped every inch of planet.

The colonization of the Moon and Mars provides a unique opportunity to uncover new resources that hold solutions to earth’s problems. In those environments, the possibility of discovery of elements not native on earth that may provide us with energy, chemical formulae for medication, materials for construction and with herculean creativity maybe arable land.

Observing the environment there will provide us with a better understanding of our own planet. For instance, if through research on Mars, evidence of life, past or present surfaces, questions such as where did we come from and how can we ensure our survival will be easier to answer.

The final reason to colonize Mars and the Moon is to facilitate a systematic conquest of the universe. It has always been in the nature of man to explore and conquer new grounds. Angelo states, “Space technology also helps us respond to another very fundamental human need: the need to explore” (3).

These two grounds are within a bowshot from us. Conquering them will provide us with the opportunity to conquer the rest of the universe. Indeed, this will not be possible unless we are able to build and commission new vehicles, which will transport the Columbus’s of this day. There is something in the human spirit that will never be quiet until we answer conclusively the question of whether we are alone in this universe.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Development of New Space Vehicles: Manned Flight to the Moon and Mars by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Moon provides an interesting possibility for facilitating a manned mission to Mars based on the difference in the force of gravity between the earth and the Moon. The earth has approximately six times the gravitational force of the Moon. It takes almost the same amount of energy to get an object out of earth’s gravitational pull as it does to power it all the way to Mars.

Therefore, it means that a Mars destined lunar takeoff would use much less energy as compared to a direct Earth to Mars flight, which means that it will be possible to launch a larger mass from the Moon at one-sixth the energy requirements of doing the same from the earth.

In reality, because of the law of conservation of energy, the process will still consume the same amount of energy provided all materials are leaving earth for Mars. The opportunity lies in the option of delivering small portions of a larger space vehicle to the Moon for assembly, then taking off from the Moon towards Mars.

This will reduce the technical difficulties of a very huge take off required for a large Mars bound Vehicle directly from earth. This makes it possible to have larger vehicles necessary for a manned flight to travel to Mars.

Energy is the key ingredient that determines how far a craft could cruise from the earth. With successful manned flights to Mars, explorers can scour Mars for potential sources of energy. If found these can form an extraterrestrial power source to provide energy for further colonization of the planet and the larger cosmos.

As a planet, Mars must be teeming with diverse natural resources some of which may provide supplies for space exploration reducing the need for expensive earth takeoffs. After their location because of successful manned flights, there will be the need to construct light industries capable of processing raw materials to forms of useable supply materials such as energy sources. This will reduce the cost of take-off from earth because any craft will need just enough fuel to get to Mars, from where it refills for the return trip.

The colonization of space will remain illusory until man can set foot on Mars, as humankind’s first planetary extraterrestrial colony. Just as man has literally colonized every part of the earth, ranging from the sweltering Sahara to the sub zero Tundra, it will take man to figure out how best to colonize Mars for successful human habitation. While “robotic agents have explored the planets in the solar system” no equipment, no matter how advanced will do it for us (Harra and Mason 1).

The universe remains unexplored. Through the centuries, man peered into the distance through spyglasses and after spying the heavens for thousands of years, he set foot on the Moon. With the Moon conquered, Mars is the next frontier. The lure to find out what lies beyond the horizon is as old as life.

Indeed, Mars now lies just a little beyond humanity’s technological capability, but is essentially the next target for man’s conquest. Barlow reports that, “Mars has been a major spacecraft destination ever since the early days of space exploration” (5). Mars remains the stepping-stone to conquering the cosmos. A manned flight to Mars will bring this dream to reality.

Man in Space Placing a man in deep space, away from the atmosphere of the earth presents an unnatural situation in every sense of the word. The minimum conditions for life remain necessary. If anyone will stay on the Moon and in space for extended periods under conditions of low gravity, certain health problems arise.

In particular, there is loss of muscle tissue and loss of bone material. There is also risk of development of psychological problems associated with long term isolation such as a trip to Mars would entail. The question of provision of adequate in-flight medical attention remains difficult to answer in extraterrestrial locations.

Secondly, the human body needs oxygen for metabolism. Man can barely survive for more than a few minutes under oxygen deprivation. The Moon and Mars do not have any oxygen, and as such, the earth is the source of the full supply for missions. This requires storage that will last for the entire duration of extraterrestrial missions or a reliable means to produce oxygen on site.

There has never been a need to produce enough oxygen to last the extended periods that a mission to Mars would entail. This means that a reliable means for producing oxygen is a prerequisite for a successful manned mission to Mars and for extended stay at the Moon.

Thirdly, Nutrition is a prerequisite to the survival of human life. The long-term effects of the exclusive use of preserved foods remain unascertained. There is a knowledge gap in the risk of contamination of food supply by extraterrestrial environments because the knowledge of these environments is only introductory. These basic needs outline the basic requirements for a successful manned mission to Mars. The space vehicle must address them, and after arrival on site, there must be a means to provide them.

There some essential desirable elements of a new space vehicle designed to support manned flights to Martian and lunar destinations. They include reusability, multi-docking capabilities, high-level diagnostics, and long-term life support with rescue support capabilities. The NASA space shuttles remain the undisputed symbol of reusability as a desirable element of new space vehicles. It is very expensive to construct space vehicles. If they have reuse capabilities, then the operational costs of space exploration falls significantly.

The element of multi-docking capabilities means that the vehicles should be suited for surface landing on earth, the Moon, and Mars. In addition, they should be able to dock onto space stations in between to allow for servicing of equipment, and personnel movement. This coupled with high-level diagnostics will mean prompt discovery of faults that may threaten the people inside. Finally, they require long-term life support capacity with rescue capabilities.

This feature will avail time for rescue operations on whatever surface the space vehicle is on, even if a craft must leave earth for Mars to rescue stranded astronauts. The safety of the astronauts is the life of interplanetary expeditions. If these four elements feature in future space vehicles, then there will be quick progress in discovery of new frontiers.

Space Project Management Space exploration is a very expensive affair. The insertion of small unit of equipment into space costs billions of dollars, and requires very large multidisciplinary teams to pull off. Until recently, only governments have had the capacity to run such projects. Over the last decade, the private sector has shown a growing interest in the space industry. It is therefore an issue of interest to examine these two approaches to financing the space expedition.

State governments through agencies such as NASA and intergovernmental agencies such as ESA have the budgetary capacity to meet the cost of research and development, and indeed to successfully run space projects. The development of new space vehicles to enable interplanetary flights stands to benefit from this capacity.

However, governments have too many issues to deal with. Political will, which in turn depends on public support, determines which projects get off the ground and which ones do not. With the economic crunch of the closing years of the last decade, yet to wear off completely, large-scale projects such as space exploration suffer.

Public support for space exploration in the United States has remained high enough to influence political will. However, with growing voices of discontent over the state of the economy and with a much more rights oriented environment, space projects face criticism from many quarters.

They include animal rights activists who feel use of animals for space tests is inhumane, environmental groups that blame the space exploration industry for release of large quantities of greenhouse gases, and others that want to see a stop to all nuclear related experiments-a key to fueling space vehicles. These factors hinder public sector participation.

The private sector on the other hand has a freer hand at what it does. It has much less public scrutiny and has multiple options to deal with poor public perception. They are also devoid of the red tape that slows down government action. This provides the private sector with the ability to quickly develop and implement projects. The private sector therefore, if sufficiently capitalized can propel space exploration much faster than the public sector. Its entry into the space industry is an encouraging phenomenon.

The most serious challenge that the private sector has when it comes to space exploration is the complex business models required to return a profit. Some of the projects have a very long profit cycle requiring vast sums of capital. The risks are very high too. Some aspects of space exploration are almost non-profit.

This does not auger well with stakeholders. The tendency for the private sector will be to drift towards targeted participation in space exploration to avoid the low profit or very risky components. This will limit their capacity to take on whole projects, and if they do, they may compromise on some elements to ensure they have a good return. If those compromises are on safety issues, it will put the very lives of the astronauts in danger.

Additionally, there is the challenge of ownership. What will happen if a privately run exploration project to Mars is successful in discovering a substance of universal value? Determination of the ownership structures of the exploration, which traditionally belongs to the discoverer, will be complicated. Since no one really owns Mars or the Moon, laying stake on anything there can produce conflicts of international proportions.

Works Cited Angelo, Joseph A. Space Technology. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003.

Barlow, Nadine G. Mars: An Introduction into its Interior, Surface and Atmosphere. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Conley, Peter. Space Vehicle Mechanisms: Elements of Successful Design. New York, NY: Wiley-IEEE, 1998.

Harra, L K and Keith O Mason. Space science. London: Imperial College Press, 2004.

Olla, Philip. Space Technology for the Benefit of Human Society and Earth. Livonia, MI: Springer, 2009.

[supanova_question]

Ancient Greek History: Athens Essay college essay help online

Ancient Greek history may reveal the secrets of the Greek glorious past, when all political and cultural life of the state was concentrated in a polis. Probably, the most powerful Greek polis was Athens. Exactly political life of Athens inspired this essay. In the writings of some prominent ancient historians one may find a lot of essential information about the political life of Athenian polis and the Athenians themselves.

The works of these historians give an opportunity to state that in spite of the fighting and dying in wars, the Athenians contributed to the good of their polis. The essay is focused on desires and motives of the Athenians that led them to this contribution. Also, it seems to be necessary to understand how these desires and motives affected the political and cultural life of Athens.

Herodotus (484-425BC) describes the sea battle of Salamis (480 BC), one of the Greek-Persian wars. The battle took place in Aegean Sea, near the island salamis. The Greeks achieved a glorious victory. The extremely powerful Athenian military fleet was a reliable stronghold of the entire ancient Greece that time.

The Athenian citizens were evacuated from the polis. When the Persians were located in Athens, the Athenian army was positioned in the Eleusinian bay. In spite of the fact that the number of Persian ships excelled that of Greek ones, the masterful military strategy of the Athenians gave them an opportunity to win the battle. Herodotus writes: “…the Hellenic fleet reached its full number of three hundred and eighty ships” (Herodotus, 430 BC).

Proceeding from the Herodotus’ writing, one may find that Themistocles, an Athenian political leader and a military general, tried to focus the Athenian power on sea, in contrast to his “bitter enemy” Aristides, who was for the land superiority; Herodotus calls him “the best and the most just man in Athens” (Herodotus, 430 BC, LXXIX). However, their military union allowed them to win. The historian notes that it was a truly glorious sea battle:

‘Yet they were brave that day, much more brave than they had been at Euboea, for they all showed zeal out of fear of Xerxes, each one thinking that the king was watching him” (Herodotus, 430 BC,LXXXVI).

This way, Themistocles’s fleet sank many Xerxes’ ships, and destroyed the army; however, some of Persian ships managed to escape. Herodotus underlines that after the victory, they were ready to fight again with Persian enemy, and prepared for other battle (Herodotus, 430 BC). Thus, the Athenians showed the military unity in the battle of Salamis. In the face of the common danger, the Greeks were able to unify their strengths, and achieved the victory.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The period of tyrannical Pisistratus’ rule found its descriptions in the writings of some historians. Herodotus describes one of his sons, Hipparchus, and his assassination. Also, he writes: “the Athenians were subject for four years to a tyranny not less but even more absolute than before” (Herodotus, “The Assassination of Hipparchus, n. d.). According to Herodotus, he ruled with his brother Hippias. Hippias was responsible for economical and political aspect of Athenian life, Hipparchus was interested in the arts.

The historian notes that he had a vision of his death from his dream. The representatives of Gephyraean clan (Harmodius and Aristogeiton) murdered Hipparchus. The reason is obvious: Hipparchus was in love with Aristogeiton’s woman, Harmodius; after his death, Hippias turned into an even crueler tyrant.

However, the citizens could not stand it for a long time, and finally, “the Athenians got rid of their tyrants” (Herodotus, “The Assassination of Hipparchus, 430 BC, LXV). However, Lacedaemonias’ army contributed to the tyranny end, as well. Thucydides (460-395 BC) also described the period of Pisistratus’ rule, the tyranny of his sons, and the circumstances of Hipparchus’ death. He writes:

“The commons had heard how oppressive the tyranny of Pisistratus and his sons had become before it ended, and further that that tyranny had been put down at last, not by themselves and Harmodius, but by the Lacedaemonias” (Thucydides, The Assassination of Hipparchus, n. d.).

As one may see, the Athenians experienced hard times under tyranny, and were able to drive the tyrannical family away. The successful revolt was a natural response to it. However, there are other essential pages in Athenian political life. In one of his writings, Thucydides mentions Theseus, king of Athens. It was the time, when there were many independent towns near Athens. The historian states that this king was “of equal intelligence and power”, whose main organizational feature in policy was “to abolish the council chambers and magistrates of the petty cities, and to merge them in the single council-chamber and town-hall of the present capital” (Thucydides, 431 BC, XV).

As Athena was the main goddess honored buy the Athenians, Theseus established the traditional feast: Synoecia. Thucydides believes that “from him dates the Synoecia, or Feast of Union; which is paid for by the state, and which the Athenians still keep in honor of the goddess” (Thucydides, 431 BC, XV). Thus, the king preserved the Athenian traditions, and became one of the Greek heroes.

Nevertheless, the peaceful golden period finished, and Athens was involved in the military conflict. Thucydides dedicated several works to the Peloponnesian war, where Sparta (Dorians) and Athens (Ionians) took part. There was a long tension between them; the reason lies in their political life. Athens was a democratic polis, while Sparta’s political rule was oligarchy.

We will write a custom Essay on Ancient Greek History: Athens specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thucydides mentions Pericles as a famous Athenian ruler (Thucydides, 431 BC). Under his rule, Athens experienced the golden peak of their political, economic and cultural development. He turned Athens into the sea mistress: the polis had the most powerful fleet in ancient Greece. However, Peloponnesian war became the fatal event in the history of Athens. It was a tragic page of the Athenians; many citizens died in that war.

In his work, Thucydides describes the funeral and Pericles’ oration. The author writes: “the dead are laid in the public sepulcher in the most beautiful suburb of the city, in which those who fall in war are always buried” (Thucydides, 431 BC, XXXIV). The Athenian ruler, Pericles pronounced his eulogium on the elevated platform near the sepulcher.

His embittered speech was saturated with deep patriotism and bitterness of defeat. Pericles recollected the glorious background of the Athenians. Also, Pericles mentioned that the Athenian constitution is unique that makes democratic, liberal and highly-developed Athens a pattern for others to follow. He stresses the powerful military policy that makes Athens different from its antagonists. He tells the following words:

“We throw open our city to the world, and never by alien acts exclude foreigners from any opportunity of learning or observing, although the eyes of the enemy may occasionally profit by our liberality; trusting less in system and policy than to the native spirit of our citizens; while in education, where our rivals from their very cradles by a painful discipline seek after manliness, at Athens we live exactly as we please, and yet are just as ready to encounter every legitimate danger” (Thucydides, 431 BC, XXXIX).

It is obvious that the Athens ruler realizes all the valor of those who died in one of numerous Peloponnesian wars. Pericles’ speech reflects all the glorious pages of Athenian history and military policy of their neighbors. However, Thucydides draws reader’s attention to another episode of the Peloponnesian war.

In one of his works, he describes Mytilenian debate that occurred in Athens in the period of the Peloponnesian wars. In general, these wars were the result of political and ethnical diversity of Greece, where the Athenian played the role of authoritative centre. Nevertheless, the Mytilenians’ (from the island Lesbos) rebellion that signed their desire to defeat Athenian authority, did not have success, and the Athenians divided most of the Lesbian land (Thucydides, 427 BC).

The analyzed historians’ works give an opportunity to make some general conclusions about political motives and desires of the Athenians in the period, when Athens was considered to be the powerful political and cultural centre. The glorious battle of Salamis proves the Athenians’ desire to defeat the foreign enemy, the Persians.

The victory of Greeks would be impossible without powerful military unity of several Greek peoples (Ionians, Dorians, etc.). Moreover, the Athenians managed to overthrew their tyrants (Pisistratus and his sons) that showed their negative reaction to the tyranny (Athens was a democratic polis).

Not sure if you can write a paper on Ancient Greek History: Athens by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, ancient Greece flooded in internecine wars, and the Peloponnesian wars worsened the political situation for the Athenians. Nevertheless, such prominent figures as Theseus and Pericles were those political leaders that improved the life of the Athenians. Sea military power, constitution and successful political way of life gave Athens an opportunity to prove their significance.

[supanova_question]

Christianity: Theological Themes in Jesus Life Analytical Essay best college essay help: best college essay help

Introduction All human beings are religious in nature; both ancient days and in modern times, people pay allegiance to some supernatural beings for the spiritual purposes. To Christians, their religious life is entirely centered and molded in the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The whole being of Jesus have attracted much debate especially on some of the critical decisions and teaching that forms the epitome of Christianity.

The sensitivity of the matter have drawn the attention of many theologians to add their views and understanding of the events and circumstance of the life of Jesus Christ and his role as the founder o f the largest religion in the world. This essay will review some of the perceptions, teachings, interpretations and understanding of some scholars and theologians on key issues surrounding the life of Christ.

On Mirrors, Mists and Murmurs Just like in many cultures, the Asia American women were under looked by their male counterparts and they were therefore marginalized in many religious practices and participation. According to Nakashima (87) Asian American women were confined in the caves of silence as they were barred from attending the seminaries and other theological trainings.

However, in 1978, this jinx was broken and women started participation in religion issues and contributed enormously according to their sufferings and daily afflictions (96). These women aspired to fight against oppression and discrimination against race, sex and culture. This was accomplished through enrolment in theology schools and trainings centers.

From their experience the Asian American women oppression and torments helped them understand the suffering of Christ and his sacrifice on the cross not as an image of substitution death but as a symbol of solidarity. Their perception of suffering encouraged them overcome the hardship and discrimination with vigor and much delight.

By them being Buddhists it enhanced their understanding of suffering, to them suffering should be borne in humility and with compassion (88). They taught that individuals should to accept suffering to help them avoid leading alienated life coupled with self-doubt and guilty of not bearing with others.

The understanding of the Asian American women of the theme of suffering is vital in understanding the suffering and compassion of Jesus. Suffering brings an experiential understanding of others predicaments and shortcomings. For that reason, suffering not only instills good morals but also enhance bearing each other’s burdens.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In support of Asian American women perception I believe suffering should motivated by love for others and perceiving others better than ourselves, just as Jesus bore suffering out of love for the fallen human race human race.

Christian Theology The world and all that is therein is controller and directed by divine powers and design. According to Calvin (p.123), the universe is controlled by God’s power, which regulates actions and events of various parts. This idea is hard to comprehend but it requires faith to fully understand everything is designed to work according to God’s power.

Calvin (125) borrows from the bible the assurance given by Abraham to Isaac that “God will provide”. This is an in-depth faith of trusting God even when there is no hope at all. However, this notion is usually challenged by the secular belief that everything happens by chance and not by a predetermined divine plan.

Although God is in control of the universe and other creations, it is vivid that Jesus and God work together with one accord. This being the case, Jesus rules over the universe and therefore makes it to move seamlessly. Jesus confirms that His farther and he are always at work and similar sentiment is share apostle Paul who says, “We live in Christ”. This issue is deep rooted and forms the basic requirements of a Christian believer to entirely rely on God’s provision and guidance.

This theme on God’s provision and guidance is vital and crucial in understanding the God’s omnipotence and His powers. By itself, it helps to understanding the understanding of God’s unfathomable might and intelligence of creation and sustenance. In addition, this understanding helps us in understating that nothing happens by chance or by fate without God’s knowledge. Even, the scientists believe that the world is governed by some supper natural powers that are far and beyond their comprehension.

I believe Christianity is about surrendering everything to God and to entirely looking forward for his provisions and supplies. Christian should to learn to rely upon God and should concentrate solely on him without wavering and seeking other mediums for help. In Matthew 6:33 Jesus calls all believers to seek the kingdom of God first and the rest shall be provided to them. Owing to this solemn promise all Christian should trust God for providence and sustenance.

Philosophy of Theology The sin problem has been one of the mysterious problems to comprehend and understand its root cause. Philosophers have come up with an interesting suggesting that evil is a problem for believers who believes that a sin is a malfunction of a thing. Further, Hick (77) elaboration argues that the God cannot be all knowing and perfectly loving. Such being the case therefore God cannot be able to able deal with the sin problem. In a different encounter, he argues, “God’s powers are limited” just like the case of other creatures (Hick 77).

We will write a custom Essay on Christianity: Theological Themes in Jesus Life specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A divergent opinion is put forth arguing that God did not create humans who were inclined to sinning. This theme attracts more controversy as some argue God did not create humans since he could have created sin. Agustinian Theodicy adds that if creation was flawless, then they were not able to fall despite having the free will to choose the good and the bad.

From the foregoing argument, the philosophers have therefore resulted to the evolution theory. The theory states the creation theory is a fable and it did not take place. This is in support of the idea that God could not have created perfect beings that had tendencies to sin. However, this idea is sharply criticized by the bible story as well as by majority of the some theologians.

Jesus the heart of God Major religions have had a central figure through which divine teachings have being given to the human race; Muslims had Muhammad while Buddhists had Buddha. Marcus (80) argues that unlike these religions, Christians had Jesus not as mere God’s messenger but a special revelation of God to human kind-God with us. God reveals himself and His might through Jesus.

In its deep sense, this makes Christianity a unique religion since it has a direct connection with God. This makes the Christianity to be very persuasive although this does not make Christianity any superior to other religions the centrality of God makes it a more realistic and compelling religion.

Throughout the gospel the life and work of Jesus has been recorded using powerful metaphors. In some instances, Jesus is portrayed as being the ‘light of the world’. This means that he came to provide divine enlightenment that saves the world from the evil vices. The other metaphor used is Jesus as the ‘door’ through which the faithful can reach the father.

The other symbolism used to refer to Jesus are; a Jewish mystic, a great physician, social prophet, a movement initiator and wise teacher. The role of metaphors was to add intensity of the Jesus deeds and to create a mental image to people who did not see him nor had a practical experience with him as did the disciples.

The centrality of Jesus in Christianity is out of question and does not attract any controversies. To Christians Jesus presents a perfect figure worth emulation since he represented noble person compassion to others both in actions and in word. Apart from interacting with the humble, he always sought to mingle with rules and point out at their weakness and wrong. He never condoned sins nor feared to rebuke hypocrites.

Although the gospel was written several years after the assertion of Jesus, metaphors used enable its carry the strength and power that Jesus had. Unlike other historical books the gospels were written in a way that makes then interesting and more convincing to the reader. However, some indigenous symbols used are complicated and difficult to understand for non-Jewish readers.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Christianity: Theological Themes in Jesus Life by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Suffering and Redemption-Feminist Theology Many a times sufferings challenges human understanding and often blur the reality surrounding such pain. Common knowledge attributes suffering to sin or as a repercussion of violating a given law. Such believe is erroneous and unbiblical but general heresy. In an attempt to unlock the mystery behind innocent sufferings Reuther (96) attributes such to “God’s ways” of manifesting his glory.

She further explains Jobs suffering to God’s way of manifesting his power and will. Reuther reveals that redemption is a sign of God’s acceptance for sinful human race. Moreover, God’s acceptance assumes a vertical relationship and not a horizontal connotation that implies alienation to plagues’ and evils staged by the devil (98).

Female suffering has always been attributed to the guilt of evil that emanates from the sin that was committed by Even in Eden. Jesus suffering because he was faultless and pure has challenged this ideology. The suffering that Jesus bore was on our behalf, this is, in other terms, referred to as redemptive suffering.

From her writings, She (101) asserts that “oppressors hearts are never changed by seeing the suffering of their victims”. To her the cross shows the ultimate risk a person can take to overcome oppression and evil system. However, not all suffering is redemptive in nature since other are staged to oppress individuals due to evil motives and objectives.

Jesus redemption suffering is different and unique in nature from the common suffering that humans bear. To Jesus suffering was a way of revealing to human race the exact cost of sin. In addition, Jesus suffering reveals that he share our weakness and despite all that he went through and therefore by relying on God Christians can as well overcome (102). To me, suffering is not a sign of carrying one cross but its God’s way of doing things and manifesting his power to his subjects.

Sin and Salvation Repentance is inevitable subject in Christian worship in all denominations. The severity of the sin problem caused Heaven to sacrifice the most valuable being –Jesus the son of God. This was the only way of dealing the sin problem and the only way salvation would be attained.

Although sin is the enemy of redemption, its exact meaning has remained subject of inquiry. Marcus (166) and some theologians have agreed that sin is violation of God’s law or the Ten Commandments. The understanding of sin is mainly done in relation to individual to individuals rather than a collective understanding. Such shallow perception inhibits incorporation of social sin, which affects many people in the society (169).

On the other hand, salvation is yet another word that harbors several meaning derived from divergent understanding presented by theologians. To some salvation is a “reality in heaven” while others asserts that salvation begins in this living and continues to the next world (172).

Other theologians, basing their arguments on Pauline writings, write that not all people will face death, but rather, will be translated into immortal bodies. This implies that salvation will happen in this world and eternity is distinct from the belief of heaven. According to the Biblical teaching salvation begins in this world and continues to the next. However, whatever the understanding that is assumed the underlying understanding salvation is only arrived at when Christians repent their sins sincerely.

The topic of sin and salvation touches the very core of Christianity and its discussion illuminates the exact way of attaining salvation. Regardless of the belief one holds pertaining where salvation begins, eternal life remains at the center of all Christians hope.

Attaining this goal calls believers both at personal level and in society to lead pure and just life. Nevertheless, to my consideration the issues pertaining salvation invokes more questions than answers as to exact what the bible says concerning the fate of Christians; will it be heaven or in this earth?

Death of Jesus The plan of salvation was accomplished on the cross after execution when he proclaimed it is over. Marcus (94) says that salvation was achieved through the life and action of Jesus. In addition, he believes that salvation is attained by believing in Jesus died on the cross (94). However, the scenario surrounding the cross has drawn numerous interpretation and opinion as to when the actual plan of salvation was finalized.

Some these interpretations are; rejection-and- vindication, the defeat of the Roman power, and Jesus died for our sins among others. The theme addressed at the cross is wide and more spiritual and therefore it should not be taken literally. Literal interpretation would mean God was unable to forgive sin without offering an expensive sacrifice to atone (94). Such assumption inhibit the understanding the cost of sin and the love that God has for human kind.

The death of Jesus at the cross forms the foundation of Christian faith. However, the death of Christ should be taught together with resurrection. As the death of Christ illustrates the victory over sin, the resurrection shows the victory of Jesus over death. The two aspects complete the life of a Christian not only by providing hope but also by providing assurance of victory over sin. The death of Christ on the cross is an important in Christian faith since it captures divine atonement for sins.

On this issue, I beg to differ with the author who denies that Jesus did not die for our sins. Jesus died on our behalf, he was made a sinner because he opted to bare our sin burden and he therefore voluntarily decided to die save us from the sin burden. In other words Jesus death was substitution, he assumed our weakness and bore the penalty of sin on human behalf. In Romans, 3:16, the penalty of sin is death; hence, to atone for sin death was inevitable.

The Gospel Account Two Biblical readings i.e. Luke 3 and John 18 provide a detailed report of Jesus’ life from birth through death and resurrections. Although Jesus was send by God he led a normal childhood while participating in all Jewish rites such as circumcision and dedication.

However, His mission started upon baptism where a voice declared in Luke 3:22 “You are my beloved Son”. Afterwards, Jesus appointed his disciples and commenced his ministry. It is during this period that he performed numerous miracles such as healing driving out demons and even raising Lazarus. In addition, Jesus demonstrated he had power over nature by calming the wind.

The book of John accounts for the climax of Jesus ministry on the world. At this period, Jesus is preparing his disciples for his imminent persecution and death. However, before that he participated in a last supper with his disciples where he hinted out about his betrayer. Later, he comforted them by promising them about the helper who would comer later. Eventually, Jesus is betrayed, persecuted, tried and later crucified according to his earlier prediction. The grand finale was his triumphant resurrection on the third day.

Comparative Analysis There are several similarities, which cut across the writings of different authors. Both Nakashima and the bible account concurs that suffering should be borne humility and motivated by love. While the Asian American women sufferings halted the oppressive regime, Jesus suffering in John ends the dominion of sin.

Similarly, Ruether portrays Jesus suffering to be in line with Gods will, this is also evidence in the bible in John 18:11 “ the cup that the God has given him. However, contrary opinion is assumed by source five where sufferings are caused by “unjust evils and inexplicable natural disasters”

The other area of similarity is the use of metaphors. In Luke5:34 Jesus is portrayed as “the bridegroom” while John 14:6 described Jesus as the “the lamb of “way, the truth and the life” later he is portrayed as the “King of the Jewish”. Just as used in source four the Gospel uses Jesus as a great physician and a wonderful teacher. Marcus (86) echoes that Jesus is the Lamb of God, although this metaphor is commonly used in the bible it signifies the humble nature in which Jesus came in.

On the other hard, the book of John 18:11 says Jesus “face the cup that God had given me”. Marcus (96) further denies that Jesus died for our sin. The bible demonstrates strong linkage between the death and the resurrection of the Jesus unlike the way it has been echoed by various authors. Ruether (102) argues that Jesus resurrection was a sign victory over death although the cross was not necessary.

Another contrast that exists is the providence of God verses the role of fate. According to Hick, things happen spontaneous without any divine intervention. However, the Bible suggests that the universe works in accordance with the God divine intervention that is orchestrated by Jesus. Similar opinion is advanced by theologians who have unanimously agreed wit the bible concerning the divine direction and control.

Works Cited Calvin, Jean. Christian Theology. London: Thomas Tegg Press, 1937. Print.

Hick, John. Disputed Questions in Theology and the Philosophy of Religion: Connecticut: Yale University, 1995, Print.

Marcus Borg. The Heart of Christianity, Rediscovering a Life of Faith. San Francisco: Harper, 2004. Print

Nakashima, Brock. On Mirror’s, Mists and Murmurs. San Francisco: Harper, 1989. Print

Reuther, Rosemary. Introducing Redemption. New Jersey: Claremont Press, 2009. Print.

The Holy Bible, King James Version. New York: American Bible Society, 1999

[supanova_question]

Has Social Networking Affected Social Skill of Today’s Generation? Research Paper college essay help near me: college essay help near me

The Problem and its Background More than a decade ago, the world was a very different place. It is no question that it was fraught with its own obstacles and difficulties for children and families. During that time, it was hard for the young generation to imagine that 50 years later, their children will be able to communicate with all sorts of people from friends to strangers at all times of the day and night without them necessarily being aware.

While during this period, parents used to keep a check on the whereabouts of their kids, nowadays a teenager can travel through out the world even without leaving the bedroom.

Currently, many experts are arguing that social networking sites are impacting negatively on the social skills of today’s generation with many concluding that though technological advances have made many things possible (like most things available nowadays), if they go unchecked, these life tools are likely to turn out to be weapons of self destruction.

While social networks main goals are to allow people interact socially, these sites have also caused members to become like zombies. Most of them spend time socializing and this in return dents their personal social skills. That is the reason why most of the people in the current generation prefer communicating through cyberspaces since it is easier to say everything than a one on one form of communication where some people cannot even express themselves (Thackeray

[supanova_question]

What is Different to us, is the Same to Others Essay argumentative essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

A Comparison of the Two Cultures

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction Over the past decades, there has been a mounting interest in the impact of culture on the psychological, mental and physical health of individuals, especially in circumstances where such individuals leave their internalized cultural orientation to embrace new culture.

This scenario, largely referred to as culture shock, is known to affect international students and sojourners who, although characteristically only temporary separated from their mother country, suffer from numerous stressors associated with moving into a different culture (Pantelidou

[supanova_question]

Supporting Children’s Mental Health Argumentative Essay college admissions essay help: college admissions essay help

When a child is growing up, all those who interact with him/her need to be careful by ensuring that the environment that the child interacts with is safe. This includes removing objects that can injure the child in the classroom and the entire compound. These roles of child safety are mostly left to the teacher because he/she is the one who is with the child most often hence should be accountable incase of anything.

When the child reaches the age for going to school, both the teachers and the parents should make adequate preparations to ensure that the child will have a smooth experience at school. This paper focuses on the things that teachers should take in consideration to make sure that the child with mental problems will prosper in academics like the rest of the learners.

Teachers and parents should work together in promoting the wellness of a child because factors such as children’s experiences at home and school greatly influence their mental growth. The child spends most of the time with the teacher while at school, so in this case one expects the two, that is, the child and the teacher to have a strong bondage. The parents should assist the teachers in identifying their child’s strengths and weaknesses because this will assist the teacher in knowing how to deal with every individual child.

Koplow (2002) argues that if the parents do not collaborate with the teachers the first few days may be difficult for both the child and the teacher because the teacher is not aware of what to expect and this means that more time will be wasted while the two entities are getting to know each other.

Before the child is taken to school the parents or guardians should explain to the child the things that are to be experienced in school life such as waking up early than usual and the assignments that are to be done everyday. The teacher on the other hand should check to ensure that all the facilities required are in their right place.

Both the teacher and the child’s parents should compare notes so that they can have a common approach in handling such child. This means that the child should feel at home when at school and vice versa. None of the parties should be harsh to the child as this would diminish the trust in the teacher and parents.

The parents should ensure that they provide a peaceful environment back at home because issues like violence and quarrels that take place in the presence of the child are quite traumatizing hence they should not be exposed to the child.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Moreover, if parents interfere with the teacher’s efforts they might make the teacher look like a bad person to the child. This means that if the child is given any form of punishment the parents should appreciate it as the appropriate method of correction rather than criticizing it. Criticism is only acceptable when the approach used in correction is harmful either physically or mentally and if so it should not happen in the presence of the child. Correction should be done with lots of love because anger might cause it to loose its meaning.

Sorte, Daeschel and Amador (2002) recommend that while in the classroom the teacher should establish a strong relationship with each individual child. The teacher should exercise patience because it takes time for a child to develop confidence in a stranger. This friendship can be enhanced by being kind to the child by creating sometime for the two that is the child and the teacher to have conversations.

The teacher should take time to listen to what the child is pointing out and should use an appropriate approach while correcting the child because wrong approach could be interpreted as hatred by the child and this may cause the child not to be frank with the teacher.

During learning sessions the teacher should be very patient because all children do not have the same understanding, there are those that are fast learners and those that are slow learners but whatever the case all of them should be treated evenly. However, those that have special needs should be handled differently. This includes equipping them with learning aids which will enhance their learning to make sure they excel like the rest.

The teacher should encourage good behavior in a child by rewarding the child for outstanding behavior or action. The parents should also create some time for their children because providing for their physical needs is not enough. Children are like adults hence they also need someone to talk to when they feel things are not going in the right direction. This time that is spent between the child and the parents/teachers is important because it provides the teachers and guardians with an opportunity to monitor the progress of the child.

When children are out in the playground the teacher should monitor the games they play because they can injure each other. In addition, harmful objects like sharp objects should be out of reach to the children. The children should be taught to play creative games.

This means that other facilities should comply with standard safety measures such as having electricity properly insulated without any hanging wires. This is because children like exploring their environment and such things might cause physical body harm and even death. The same safety precautions should be observed by parents at home (Sorte, Daeschel, Amador, 2011).

We will write a custom Essay on Supporting Children’s Mental Health specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The teacher should encourage children to develop friendships among themselves because this contributes to their social well being. In essence, this friendship makes the child feel like school is part of family because he/she has a strong sense of belonging. Children become brighter when they mingle with each other in their plays, which is quite important for their mental and physical well being. When they learn to appreciate each other it boosts their self esteem.

References Koplow, L. (2002).Creating Schools that Heal: Real-life Solutions. New York: Teachers College Press.

Sorte, J., Daeschel, I., Amador, C. (2011).Nutrition, Health, and Safety for Young Children, Promoting Wellness. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

[supanova_question]

Government and Credit Card Companies Essay college essay help online

Introduction A credit card, normally plastic, is a symbol of credit worthiness implied on the authorized card holder by a financial institution. The card is issued by the institution upon verification of a person’s credit worthiness. The holder is then assigned an account upon which his or her transactions are charged.

The card holder is then allowed to make credit purchases with the card issuer’s guaranty that payment will be made to the seller. At the end of a specified period, normally a month, the card holder is the supposed to remit to the card issuer the sum amount of purchase equivalence made on the card. Failure to this periodic term results in charges by the issuing institution.

One of the disadvantages of using the credit card is the interest rate charged on the outstanding amount after the end of a specified period. The rate is deemed to be high and many people have been asking the question, “should the government be allowed to regulate the interest rate charged by the credit companies on the defaulters?”

This paper seeks to justify the statement that even though credit cards are a result of voluntary contract between the card holder and the issuing company, the government should limit interest rates that the credit card companies are allowed to charge their customers. The paper will look at the current regulations on the credit card companies including regulations on the interest rates in relation to the government’s capacity to regulate them.

Limiting the Rates Discriminatory Rates

One of the reasons why the government should limit interest rates on credit card users is the variance in the charged rates. There is at a particular time a wide gap between the lowest rate and the highest rates charged on the credit card customers. The determination of the rate has been left at the discretion of the credit card companies.

Cases are witnessed where a given credit card company will impose a rate on one user and a much lower rate on another user. A case observation was noted by Simon that in a given week, there was a record of 9.99% rate and another record of 18.24 %. The problem is that this freedom to charge any interest rate can be personalized beyond economic and market forces.

Areas with few credit card providers can see the companies colluding to jointly raise the rates in order to increase their incomes. A manager can as well apply the freedom on a discriminatory way based on the customer’s race or any other factor. A strict regulation on the limit of the rates can reduce the variance witnessed some of which are just but because of greed and personal attitude of the company officer (Simon 1).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Avoiding Unnecessary Exploitation

Another reason for call of the government’s ability to regulate the rates is that the freedom gives the companies an exploitative opportunity. Having the power to set the rates can see a company impose an exorbitant rate on a particular consumer merely on the basis that it has the right to do so. An extremely high rate could be imposed on an individual on a revenge basis and no legal contest can be mounted as the company shall have breached no law, may be unless an ill motive can be proved.

A case like a 79.9% charge as reported by Prater is charged on a person and the credit card company had a ground to defend its legality. Ignorance is no legal defense but not all citizens are lawyers. Government’s move to limit this rates will induce measures on the credit card issuers to take fairer steps of controlling defaulters rather than extracting extra money from them (Prater 1).

Protecting Citizens

Rockoff noted that one of the reasons for interest rates regulation by governments is to protect the citizens who are forced by circumstances to borrow. The concept of rates on loans is similarly applicable to rates on credit cards. There are individuals who actually lack basic human needs and do not have the capacity at the moment.

Their income could as well be low leading to their current inability to purchase. Under this condition, a credit company will likely charge a higher rate which the individual might not be able to afford. It should therefore be seen as the government’s effort to help its citizens meet their basic needs.

Controlling the credit card interest rate limit will make more affordable to the considered poor who can the use it to meet their needs on a credit basis (Rockoff 1). In addition, Smith attributes the high interest rate to the issuing company’s greed for money. The companies in their quest to make more profit induce selfish regulation that will favor their profit objectivity at the expense of the credit card users. The users remain voiceless victims on the ground that the contract is voluntary (Smith 1).

Opposing Views The main opposing view to the government limiting the credit card interest rate is that it will interfere with the free market system. Those with the view claim that a low limit interest rate will see many people living beyond their means and in the long run failing to pay the credit card companies the dues.

The argument may be true that at low interest rates, many people will be enticed into the credit card system and the number of defaulters will be higher. This view that at a lower cost (the interest rates), consumers are attracted to to the product which in this case is the credit card. Morton on her explanation on price regulations explains that when prices are taken down, below the optimum, consumers will go for more of the product. Their argument is valid but with a reservation (Morton 1).

We will write a custom Essay on Government and Credit Card Companies specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In view of the above discussion, it is evident that the government’s move to control the credit card interest rates is more a benefit to the consumer than the current situation where by it is at the discretion of the companies to dictate the rates. In controlling the rates, the government will be moving to protect its citizens from exploitation by the credit card companies as well as reducing discrimination due to people’s financial levels.

The move will also help the less fortunate citizens in terms of financial status to acquire goods and services and make payments at a later time when they get money. Of course this time refers to a period agreeable to the credit companies. It is therefore more beneficial for the government to obtain the powers to limit the interest rates charged by credit card companies.

References Morton, Fiona. The problem of price controls. Cato Institute, 2001. Web.

Prater, Connie. Issuer of 79.9% interest rate credit card defends its product. Credit Cards, 2011. Web.

Rockoff, Hugh. Price controls. Library Economics Liberty, 2008. Web.

Simon, Jeremy. Credit card interest rates fall for record 4th straight week. Credit Cards, 2011. Web.

Smith, Gordon. Major Credit Card Interest Rates. Ezine Articles, 2011. Web. <https://ezinearticles.com/?Major-Credit-Card-Interest-Rates—Finding-Better-Deals-Online

[supanova_question]

Childhood Development and Sexual Behavior Essay essay help site:edu

In as much as every infant is naturally endowed with physical, cognitive, linguistic and social faculties at and even before birth, even so is it endowed with inherent sexual dispositions which of necessity are bound to develop as the infant grows to adulthood.

It is crucial; therefore, that parents and caregivers should not turn a blind eye towards childhood sexuality, rather they need to ensure a supportive and thriving environment in which these innate sexual endowments would be nurtured for the child’s healthy sexual development. Irrespective of individual differences in children, some common sexual behaviors are exhibited in each of the distinct childhood stages of development.

The infantile sexual stage of a child is marked by tender curiosity and inquisitiveness about the uniqueness of their bodily physique, the wonder of noticing the sexual difference between males and females in the social world around the infant.

Generally, after birth, the infant explores its body parts through touch and fondle, best observed when baby is being nursed (McHenry, 2009). Such genital reactions as erections as it is case with a boy child and vaginal lubrication as evident for a girl child are the key features in this stage- it is arguable that the inception of these responses occurs even before birth.

At the early childhood stage, the baby’s curiosity is heightened; he/she is sensitized about sexual stimulation and thus establishes his/her gender identity (Rich, 2002).

This phase is marked by an increased awareness of gender differences as evident in varied spontaneous childhood games as playing mother-daddy, doctor-patient and teacher-pupil games. The child at this stage begins asking objective sexually oriented and self-searching queries as ‘Where did I come from?’ resulting to a greater appreciation of his/her sexual endowments.

The preadolescence stage is characterized by active sex play with a progressive awareness about sexually related issues as pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and the like. It is also evident in this stage that same-sex social group associations are developed and children assume respective gender roles. At the very threshold of puberty, children maintain a reserved but objective personal privacy coupled with heightened autonomy poses the delicate challenge of steering the child’s sexual life to its desired haven.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The child at this stage is exposed to the reality of the sexual world through the use of media and interaction with both the community and peers, thus his/her sexual inclination takes the form of identifying and courteously dating a opposite sex child of the same age (Guy, 2006). Although, parent involvement should be maintained throughout the child’s sexual life, it should take the center stage at this delicate and fragile phase of the child’s sexual development by engaging the child in open discussions on healthy sexual matters.

At the adolescence stage, the child’s sexual faculties are fully developed and there is an increased desire to date and fall in love. This is primarily triggered by increased peer pressure, inherent sexual drive with a fully fledged sexual system and the reserved societal controversies of the ideal sexual expectation/outlook (McHenry, 2009).

Physical and emotional maturity, coupled with a deepened intimacy usher the adolescent child to the characteristic sexual romance of dating, kissing and in some situations sexual intercourse as evident in this stage. Of necessity, therefore, parents would need to accord social support and accommodation in honoring adolescent privacy and nurture the development of the child’s assertive and decision-making proficiency.

Reference List Guy, J. (2006). What is normal childhood sexual development? Web.

McHenry, D. (2009). Sexual Development and Behavior in Children. Web.

Rich, P. (2002). Child Sexual Behaviours: What is Considered “Normal” Sexual Development and Behavior? Web.

[supanova_question]

Ashoka Pillars: the Mystery of the Ancient Civilization Essay (Critical Writing) argumentative essay help: argumentative essay help

One of the most incredible creations of the ancient civilizations, the Ashoka Pillar is the reminiscence of the bygone times and the most incredible specimen of the ancient art. Its magnificence is amazing, and hardly anyone can explain how the people belonging to that era could create something of the kind. One of the greatest mysteries of the modern times, Ashoka Pillar can be compared to the Egyptian pyramids.

One of several columns, the Pillar of Sarnath is about fourteen feet tall, of cylinder shape, with four lions seated with their backs to each other at the top. Made of polished sandstone, the column is of yellowish sandy color with a slight tint of brown and gray. Regarding the durability of sandstone, it is miraculous that several columns have stood through centuries and are now the part of our modern world.

Although many columns have not survived the time test and crashed, the Ashoka Pillar of Sarnath is still as good as new, with just a few pieces of sandstone missing. One more thing which is well worth mentioning is the shape of the column. The rounded outline, the soft contour and the clear lines are something to admire.

The ancient sculptors reached perfection, creating the symbol of Ashoka! The column depicting the four lions looks somewhat fragile, but this is the case of deceptive appearances. The smooth and milky surface makes one think of the most exquisite marble in the palaces of the ancient kings.

One of the things which come into the open as one casts a look at the sculpture is the smoothness of the lines. They curve like the waves of the sea, and there is not a single sharp broken line in the sculpture. Breathing with harmony, the curving lines create a specific pattern for the entire sculpture to follow. Because of the smoothness of the lines in each part of the sculpture, it looks in the most harmonic way.

The column itself is shaped rather weirdly, with lots of curves and protruding parts. The platform where the four lions are seated has carvings which depict various animals and figures. It must be noted that the animals whose images are carved in the column are mostly domestic ones: a goat, a horse, etc.

The lions themselves resemble their living prototypes a lot. With their mouths open, it seems that they are going to jump off the column and run for some prey. It is quite peculiar that none of the lions’ mouths is shaped in the same way; one of them is barely open, while another bares teeth completely. One can see the tongue of one of the lions clearly – perhaps, the animal is yawning.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Another feature of the lions in the sculpture is their eyes. They are all wide open, which makes the animals look less realistic and more fairy-tale. Perhaps, designed to mean that these lions are always on the guard, the haunting eyes of these animals in the sculpture provide the strongest impression on the visitors.

Despite the fact that lions are one of the fiercest animals in the world, the ones in the Ashoka pillars cannot be defined as the blood-thirsty cannibals. These are rather the loyal guards of the city and its dwellers, the warriors that are always on the watch. It seems that these “watchlions” are supposed to be fair and just, and maybe even wise. Indeed, it takes much wisdom to decide whether the man entering the city deserves being trusted.

Speaking of the entire artwork, one should say that it looks solid and somewhat chic. It breathes with richness and with the splendor of the ancient kings with their amazing palaces and thousands of servants. A perfect reminiscence of the bygone times, this is a piece worth taking a look at.

Because of the ancient history which accompanies the sculpture, its beauty, interwoven with the ancient legends, produces even more stunning effect. Since the mystery about the column is still unraveled, it still attracts hundreds of people. The secrets which the lions conceal within are something to ponder over.

Perhaps, one of the explanations of the mystery which the place is breathing with is the fact that the great Ashoka himself chose this place for his meditations[1]. This is one of the reasons for the Indians to cherish the sculptures so much. Embodying the symbol of the city, these columns are the part of the history which is so easily merging with legends in India, and in a couple of moments you will not be able to tell the real from the fable yourself.

Bearing the piece of the Indian history, this column has a secret which the Indians themselves do not dare to unlock. Some scientists suppose and all the locals believe that Ashoka’s edicts have been carved in the column as well[2]. Although this is merely guesswork, a single suggestion about such possibility makes the Indians tremble in owe for Ashoka and the mysterious column. As Kulke put it,

References of this kind have often been used to show that Ashoka was running a highly centralized direct administration of this whole empire. But the pillar inscriptions which contain these latter references have so far been found only in central Gangetic region and the Ganga-Yamuna Doab[3].

We will write a custom Critical Writing on Ashoka Pillars: the Mystery of the Ancient Civilization specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The cultural meaning of the column cannot be doubted. Worshipping the legendary ruler of India, the people associate the column with this historic personality. Embodying the very spirit of Buddhism, the pillar with the four lions at the top is filled with the sacral meaning for the Indian people; this might be one of those things which the people of the other cultures will never be able to conceive.

Even without knowing the background story of the column, one will feel that it takes their breath away. Combined with the bright imagination work, the perfectly shaped sculpture makes various images appear in one’s mind.

Although the use of the sandy palette looks quite justified, since it is natural for a lion to be of sandy-yellowish color, there is more than meets the eye in this color cast. Such choice can also be explained by the fact that the yellow color is the key color of Buddhism. Thus, the column and the lions embody not only the image of the city and its ancient ruler, but also the philosophy of the people living here. Such niceties are quite natural for the Indians, with their culture which considers aesthetic the beginning and the end of the world. Recognized even by the modern architects, the pillar is pure perfection:

John Marshal and V. Smith have praised the engineering, design, fine decorative carving, polish of Ashoka stambha, the pillar. People from all lifestyles are drawn towards the symbol of lotus, the dharma chakra and the four lions. The Ashoka pillar at Sarnath is the finest among all the pillars[4].

One of the most magnificent pieces of legendary ancient India, the Ashoka pillar is really worth seeing. Breathing with the secrets of the Indian gods, this place is like a sanctuary for the Indians. The four lions keep their guard well.

Reference List Gupta, Om. Encyclopedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, 2006.

Joshi, Dinkar and Yogesh Patel. Glimpses of Indian Culture. New Delhi: Star Publications 2005.

Kulke, Hermann, and Dietmar Rothermund. A History of India. New York, NY: Routledge, 2004.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Ashoka Pillars: the Mystery of the Ancient Civilization by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Singh, Upinder. A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone

Age to the 12th Century. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2008.

Footnotes Om Gupta, Encyclopedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh (New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, 2000), 162

Singh, Upinder. A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century.(Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2008), 358

Kulke, Hermann, and Dietmar Rothermund. A History of India (New York, NY: Routledge), 2004, 68

Joshi, Dinkar and Yogesh Patel. Glimpses of Indian Culture (New Delhi: Star Publications), 2005, 60

[supanova_question]

Senator John D. Rockefeller IV of West Virginia Research Paper college application essay help

Senator John D. Rockefeller IV of West Virginia is a senior US Senator. Rockefeller was first elected in 1984 and for over 40 years he “has proudly served the people of West Virginia” (About Jay n. p.). He is a chairman of the Senate Committee on Science, Commerce and Transportation. As a chairman for the Intelligence committee, he was a critique about the President’s Bush politics in Iraq, provided the ideas of controlling the television violence by the FFC and granting the “retroactive immunity to telecommunications companies”.

He also provided the Cybersecurity Act of 2009 – S.773 and supported Barack Obama’s health reform. In this paper, we are going to provide the information on Senator John D. Rockefeller IV of West Virginia, his biography and political activities, such as explore the committees on which he sits and his position on major issues confronting Congress this section.

Senator John D. Rockefeller IV of West Virginia was born on June 18, 1937 in New York several days after his great-grand father death. He graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Far Eastern Languages and History. He came to Virginia in 1964 as a volunteer at the community of Emmons.

In 1966 he began his political career at the he West Virginia House of Delegates and office of West Virginia Secretary of State. In 1976, he was elected Governor of West Virginia and later, in 1984, he was elected to the United States Senate (About Jay n. p.). He is known for his health care reforms and his national security letters of credence:

“The five-term senator from West Virginia has long been a leading advocate for health-care reform. He is chairman of the Senate Finance subcommittee on Health Care, and played a pivotal role in the debate over health-care reform in the Obama administration” (Why He Matters n. p.)

Apart from being a chairman for the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, he also a chairman for the Subcommittee on Health Care, Subcommittee on International Trade, and Global Competitiveness, Subcommittee on Social Security, Pensions, and Family Policy, Committee on Finance, Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, Joint Committee on Taxation.

The committee he leads holds such affairs as, communications, highways, aviation, rail, shipping, transportation security, merchant marine, the Coast Guard, oceans, fisheries, climate change, disasters, science, space, interstate commerce, tourism, consumer issues, economic development, technology, competitiveness, product safety, and insurance (Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee n. p.)

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More At the 111th United State Congress Rockefeller held a strong position on such issues as Health Care, National Security and Cybersecurity. He supported Barack Obama’s Health Care Reform, He said, “I represent a state that really needs health care reform, and I want it to be good” (Calmes n. p.).

He fights to increase the access to the health care for small business, rural population and children. Speaking about National Security, senator “has focused his efforts on improving and reforming the nation’s intelligence capabilities while providing aggressive oversight of the nation’s intelligence and counterterrorism programs” (Why He Matters n. p.).

He confronted the Bush’s politics in Iraq and claimed that involvement into the war with this country was a mistake that increased the threat of terrorism. In April 2009, he offered the Cybersecurity Act of 2009 – S.773 in which he emphasized the possibility of cyber-attack and suggested creation of the “cyber-emergency” that would be allowed to “shut” any suspicious traffic in spite of any law.

Thus, the Senator of West Virginia is one of the most active members of Senate. He has a strong position with respect to Health Care, Cyber and National Security. He supports the reforms of the current president Barack Obama and currently focuses on such issues as jobs and retention, deficit reduction and mine safety (“About Jay” n. p.)

Works Cited About Jay. United States Senator Jay Rockefeller for West Virginia. Web.

Calmes, Jackie. Rockefeller Stands Up for Liberals on Health Care. New York Times. 17 Sept. 2009. Web.

Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee. Who Runs Gov from The Washington Post. Web.

We will write a custom Research Paper on Senator John D. Rockefeller IV of West Virginia specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Why He Matters. Who Runs Gov from The Washington Post. Web.

[supanova_question]

The Concept of Generation Gap Bridging in the Workplace Exploratory Essay college essay help near me: college essay help near me

Table of Contents Introduction

Generation

The Generations at the Workplace

Bridging the Generational Gap

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction A workplace makes it possible for people from various backgrounds to interact and work together towards achieving a common goal. In the course of such interaction there is bound to be some confusion arising from the workers. Organized workplaces, whether small or large, have an administrative structure to ensure smooth running of their activities.

An example of such structured system is a public institution. Public institutions unlike private institutions follow strict laid down policies in the dissemination of their mandate to the public. This paper will discuss the concept of bridging the generation gap in the workplace in relation to a public institution that has all the present generations working in it.

The paper will discuss the various generations in such a workplace, their characteristics, how they view other generations and the source of conflict among the generations. Understanding of the characteristics of the various generations is vital for creation of generation bridges. The paper will also look into ways in which the different generations can be brought together to appreciate and harmoniously work with each other effectively for the realization of the organization’s objectives.

Generation A generation is a group of people who are born in a given time period. The time is an undefined range that varies from a given society to another. In some societies, a generation difference is estimated in terms of the life span from when one is born to the time he/she has a family.

It is taken as the time period between when a female conceives her first child to the moment when the woman’s daughter gets her first born. This is however not a formal definition but a cultural opinion that has been overtaken by time, even though its aspect of time is still relevant. The human race has divided itself into groups based on the age factors (Dictionary 1).

Classification of the currently existing people according to age classifies four generations. The oldest generation is the baby boomers. This is the set born in the 1950’s. Another generation is the “generation X” which is a group of people who were born in the period averaging from 1965 to 1980.

The generation X grew up in a period of selfishness, an aspect that they never liked. The term generation “X” as used originated from Douglas’s book of an imaginary story of three people who isolated themselves from people in order to search for their identities. He visualized this group of people as underemployed, possessing excess education, self concealed and unstable (Jochim 1). Another generation is the generation “Y”, also referred as the Millennials.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More This group consists of people born after the mid 1980’s. They are seen as the dominant workforce in workplaces at the present time. This young group is seen to be result oriented team workers who seek attention for their work and are well informed in technology. The group prefers flexible working conditions and environments a fact that is not well received by older generations (Kane 1).

The generation “Z”, is the group that follows generation “Y”. It consists of teenagers born as from the year 1994 to the year 2004. They are on the other hand seen as to have poor communication skills and are not good listeners. The group is perceived to be, in future, non team players in work places due to poor interpersonal skills. They are also referred to as the silent generation (Babyboomers 1).

The Generations at the Workplace Hammil claimed that the current problems at the workplaces are not due to stiff competition or selfishness among people in senior positions but the bombardment of the four generations as they come together in the workplace. The generations pose different approaches to elements of “values, ideas, communication” (Hammil 1) and operation. The differences are also evident in “attitude, behavior, expectations, habits and motivational buttons” (Hammil 1).

The tension witnessed among the different generations is just a consequence of their age difference that has seen them develop different views and approach to problem and conflict resolution. The groups have different mentalities. While the “Y” generation wants instant appreciation for what they are doing, the baby boomer is interested in the productivity of a worker.

A “Y” generation worker will therefore be easily demoralized when he or she fails to get an instant motivation yet the baby boomer generation manager was just waiting for an appropriate time or the organization’s requirements and time for rewarding the performance. The “Y” generation for this case can see the older generations as being inconsiderate as well as being authoritative and ungrateful. The younger generation is also seen by the older generation as being self centered and lacking commitment (Hammil 1).

Bridging the Generational Gap The four generations are different in many aspects, a fact that often bring conflicts in a workplace though they must all exist in the system. The need for continuity in the management and functions of an organization will require all the groups to gradually take senior positions in the management team. Any firm will require the baby boomer to provide experience and leadership just as it needs the “Y” generation to be prepared and shaped to a future leader in the organization.

Blair explained that understanding the behavior of people as well as the approach given to them is a key factor in managing them. A worker who feels that his position is understood and that he or she is respected will much easily respect the management’s directive than a worker who feels intimidated and unappreciated.

We will write a custom Essay on The Concept of Generation Gap Bridging in the Workplace specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The management should put up measures to ensure that everyone is at peace with one another. This involves a series of measures undertaken by the management as well as the practices promoted among employees both within a generation as well as across generations. The top leadership should set policies that will regulate every worker’s behavior as per the way they relate to other workers.

Promotion of responsibility of an individual worker towards a mutual understanding is also significant. The administration on the other hand should motivate and reorganize every worker according to his or her psychological needs. The aim of the leadership must be to create an understanding among all workers (Blair 1).

Arbitration is also necessary when the gap brings a conflict. A top leader or even just a responsible party can bring together the conflicting individuals to explain why the misunderstanding is bound to occur and the importance of understanding and appreciating one another. Conflict management policies must be clearly instituted as well as developing interactive forums to bring the generations together in a more social way (Gravett and Throckmorton 274).

Familiarizing each of the generations with the aspects of the other generations is another step to bridging the gap. This could involve exposing the old generation to current technology and promoting the young generation to managerial positions (Rasmus and Salkowitz 159).

In my opinion, the generation gap disputes are a normal occurrence in a workplace. Every individual must reorganize the diversity of human nature, whether in the generational group or across the group. Every worker should respect each other’s opinion and under no circumstance should issues arising from work be personalized.

The administration should come up with policies to eliminate discrimination based on age and penalties on offences based on generation gaps. Bridging the gaps will enhance cooperation in the workplace, a fact that will enhance effectiveness of the workers hence productivity of the entity.

Conclusion A generation defines people born in a given time period. There currently exist four generations namely the baby boomers, the X generation, the Y generation and the Z generation. Each of the generations has its features that are quite different from the other generations. This difference is normally a source of conflict among the generations especially due to misconceptions among members of a group over other generations.

The event of conflict among the generations in a workplace has a negative effect on the workers reducing their effectiveness. It can at times be spilt over to customers, a matter that will undermine the entity’s existence. Measures should be taken to ensure that these gaps are bridged to avoid such conflicts do not take place. The steps can be administrative in terms of setting up policies or individuals being urged and encouraged to have the responsibility to ensure peaceful working environment.

Not sure if you can write a paper on The Concept of Generation Gap Bridging in the Workplace by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Babyboomers. Age group of generation Z. Babyboomers, 2011. Web..

Blair, Gerard. The Human Factor. University of Edinburg, n.d. Web.

Dictionary. Generation. Dictionary References, 2011. Web..

Gravett, Linda and Throckmorton, Robin. Bridging the generation gap. New York: Career Press, 2007. Print.

Hammil, Greg. (2011).Mixing and managing four generation of employees. FDU Magazine Online. Web.

Jochim, Jennifer. Generation X defies definition. University of Nevada, 1997. Web.

Kane, Sally. Generation Y. Web. Legal Careers, 2011. 20 February 2011

Rasmus, Daniel and Salkowitz, Rob. Listening to the Future: Why it’s Everybody’s Business. New York,NY: John Wiley and Sons, 2008.

[supanova_question]

A Hint of Things to Come: Summary and Analysis of Chapter 25 of Jane Eyre Analytical Essay a level english language essay help: a level english language essay help

Each chapter in Jane Eyre, the novel written by Charlotte Bronte, performs the function of a significant brick the collection of which introduces the path that leads to the new old world of gender inequalities, duties, and feelings which could not be neglected.

The peculiar feature of the 25th chapter of the novel chosen for the analysis is the author’s intention to make it as emotional as possible. In a variety of the events which happen to Jane within a short period of time, Jane cannot focus on the true facts and perceive the reality as it is.

This is why it is necessary to provide the character with the hints which will show her the right way and allow to enjoy her existence. Jane Eyre’s 25th chapter is one of the most emotional periods in Jane’s life due to the necessity to interpret several symbols in her dreams and to realize which changes are approaching because of the marriage with such a person as Mr. Rochester.

At the beginning of the article, the reader gets to know that several days are left until the wedding between Jane and Mr. Rochester takes place. Jane is all about to see her future husband who had to leave the house recently. In order to occupy herself, Jane makes a decision to go for a walk and observe the chestnut tree.

With the help of such walk, the author underlines that something mysterious and unknown to Jane is waiting for her and she has to find more powers to discover the truth. Still, the arrival of Mr. Rochester deprives her of the possibility to plunge into the details of the house as well as the events happened before Jane’s arrival.

The night before Rochester’s arrival, Jane sees two strange dreams about her wedding, Mr. Rochester, and the baby. It seems like the author wants to warn the character as well as the reader that something important should happen soon, still, not all characters are ready to understand the events, this is why such warnings and symbols come while Jane’s is sleeping.

The image of a child crying in Jane’s arms becomes of crucial importance for Jane. She has to carry a baby and go far from Mr. Rochester as the baby wants it, still, the child is too heavy that makes Jane drops him. Such outcome of the dream makes Jane awake and be scared.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More In order to find some explanations, Jane asks questions to Mr. Rochester, still, he continues keeping secrets admitting that these dreams may be connected to woman, Grace Poole. The point is that Mr. Rochester is not eager to give more names. It is clear that he has more to tell, still, something prevents him against doing this.

Such attitude to the dreams as well as to Jane’s interests is considered to be the main shift in the story. The characters have been already warned that something had to happen, and the result of such inabilities to talk directly was the conclusion of Mr. Rochester to tell Jane the truth after 1 year and 1 day will pass after their wedding. The deadlines prove that time is what Mr. Rochester actually needs and what Jane cannot understand.

In general, the main function of the chapter is to inform the reader as well as the characters about the mystery connected to Mr. Rochester. The time to disclose the truth is coming, and the characters are not able to hide secrets any more. Jane should understand that her life is not as safe as she thinks to be, and Mr. Rochester may become a person whom it will be hard to trust.

[supanova_question]

Emotion as a Performance of the Brain Definition Essay best college essay help

Over the past few years, scientists have been carrying out research in an aim to explain the various functions of the brain. Nevertheless, this has not been an easy task. Perhaps in an attempt to explore the various functions of the brain, these scientists have limited their research into two performances of the brain: cognitive and volitional.

Additionally, these scientists have divided the brain into two empirical centers, that is, sensorial and motor. Ironically, this division has dealt blow to empirical psychology by stating the exact opposite. However, the main concern in this paper is to explain the meaning of emotion and use one theory of emotion to explain its meaning.

To begin with, emotion is a multifarious psychophysiological experience in a person’s mind as influenced by the exterior and interior factors, popularly known as biochemical and environmental factors respectively. Emotion consists of an assortment of visible conducts, expressed feelings, and some alterations in the body state. It is important to note that emotions exist at personal states thus, making it very hard to characterize or classify unless in the most common and palpable instances (Myers 500).

Interestingly, many features of emotion appear comatose to human beings hence, difficult to explain. Since emotion is a complex term that involves many concepts, it is important to define emotion in terms of its concepts. So far, three definitions of emotion enable us to define and comprehend the meaning of emotion.

Firstly, some scientists define emotion as a confidential and prejudiced feeling. Under normal circumstances, human beings experience or feel extraordinary array of states. For some, it is enjoyment and happiness while to others it is distress and pain. Explicitly, this explains the different states of emotions as experienced or felt by individuals.

Secondly, we can define emotions as a state of psychological stimulation normally accompanied by expressions or a show of unique somatic and habitual retorts. This means that emotional states become explainable when an individual undergoes various body responses, as one can observe them. In other words, these retorts engross separately innervated intuitive body organs for example, the stomach and the heart (et. Al. 501-502).

Undoubtedly, by using this second definition, individuals can examine the emotion of other people and even that of animals. Lastly, we can define emotion as actions that people take when they are responding towards something for example, calamities or threats. This definition concurs with Darwin’s analogy on the practical tasks of emotion, which asserts that emotion play a significant role in the survival of human beings since they generate actions into perilous state of affairs.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More With the three definitions of emotion, it is imperative to note that emotion primarily rivets three concepts: animated actions, conscious incident and physiological stimulation. Research shows that research correlates to feelings such as character, individuality, disposition, inspiration and the doldrums.

All human beings irrespective of their age, color, sex and ethnic background experience various emotions. However, it is important to note that an individual cannot experience all emotions at one particular time. It all depends on one’s state of affairs and the circumstances. For instance, a person facing threats will have different emotions from another person who is experiencing contentment.

The most common faculties of emotions include love, annoyance, self-assurance, contentment and stress. Depending on one’s condition, a person can experience one or a mixture of these emotions (Freitas-Magalhães 12-18).

Conceivably, in an attempt to define emotion, several scientists came up with theories in order to explain the implicit meaning of emotion. As we have seen, the brain is a complex structure that performs an assortment of functions.

These various function of the brain that influence emotions prompted scientist to come up with different theories of emotion that falls into three categories: cognitive, physiological and neurological. To start with, neurological theories tend to explain how the body responds emotionally due to actions on it. On the other hand, neurological theories examines how various activities directed to the brain influence an emotional rejoinder hence, expressive feelings.

Lastly, the cognitive theories tend to explain how individual thoughts and psychological bustles play a significant role in the configuration of emotions. The three categories of emotional theories have so far been a success story of trying to explain the meaning of emotion. In fact, the theories of emotions as crafted by psychologists and ancient philosophers enjoy an assortment of ideas- ideas fundamentally originating from diverse sources (Dalgleish 582-589).

Starting from the ancient Greeks to Sartre to contemporary scholars, these theories of emotion continue to explain the meaning of emotion. Interestingly, even experts from fields not related to biology and psychology for example, creative art, anthropology and sociology have come up with theories to explain the meaning and impact of emotion.

We will write a custom Essay on Emotion as a Performance of the Brain specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, in trying to explain the meaning of emotion, creative scientists have developed various works of art that range from sculpture to paintings, which show various expressive feelings.

On the other hand, psychologists and animal behaviorists have mastered the art of emotions, and even conjectured the basis, progression, and roles of emotion. In addition, these natural scientists have gone ahead to proliferate the theories of emotion and their impacts to the individual and society.

In overall, these theories examine the genesis and evolution of emotion and facial expression. Thus, the study and analysis of the theories of emotion will not only assist us in knowing the meaning of emotion, but also, it will enlighten us on the precepts of emotional expression and bring them into perspective (James 188-189).

Some theories tend to emphasize emotional expression as the fundamental facet of the entire emotion process. In fact, some architects of these theories of emotion believe that emotional expression brings about the familiarity of emotion, which comprises the felt eminence of emotion. For instance, during the 19th century, William James and Lange were among the first persons to propose a theory to explain emotional expression.

Known as the James-Lange theory, this theory of emotion examines the genesis, development and functional roles of emotion. James and Lange observed that emotional perceptions trigger body changes, which results into emotional experience. He went further to explain that in the absence of perception, it would be hard to explain emotion any attempt will appear insipid and colorless.

According to James, the brain does not house emotion, which can cause body actions. Instead, James argued that the mind contains body activity that precipitates into emotion. In addition, James believed that the body is like a sounding board. Once smacked by neural impulses, there will be a generation of waves all over the body.

The brain has the capacity to sense the generated neural impulses and consequently produce an eminence of emotional feeling. Therefore, the multiplicities and shade of emotion becomes inestimable just like bodily patterns whose origin is neural actions. James also failed to recognize the various categories of emotion, that is, neurological, physiological and cognitive, and instead, branded them as subjective and academic (James 188-194).

Later on, James proposed that the best way to explain emotion is to set up an experiment, and not just gripping to hypothetical statements. He therefore proposed a myriad of nature experiments of destroying the entire neural system and observing whether the body will experience changes-precisely, without any generated nerve impulse.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Emotion as a Performance of the Brain by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, although the experiments attracted diverse scholarly analysis and literature, the interpretations seems parallel, and eventually goes against the hypothesis proposed by James William. Largely, the experiments fail to meet the expected results.

However, these experiments ignited research and deliberations aimed at explaining the real meaning of emotion. Leaving that aside, the James-Lange theory also explains the meaning of emotion from another perspective. This theory explains that the nervous system through its travelling nerve impulses causes bodily changes through a multifaceted process superior than a reflex or instinctual response.

In fact, some recent research into the emotional process shows that it takes quite long time for emotional changes to transpire. According to James, every instinctual reaction commences an emotion, although there are many very many sources of emotional rejoinder, which appear too ire just like gross, and others appear subtle just like an artistic admiration of exquisiteness. In addition, James believed that the brain does not have specific regions responsible for emotion.

However, some researchers have criticized this proposition terming it unfounded. According to James, individual abilities differ to the extent that each person recalls and preserves emotional experiences differently, and that the degree of emotional experience varies from one individual to another. The theory goes further to explain that recurring emotion results into the most common feeling other than the hidden.

James-Lange theory, a theory developed by Carl Lange and William James is a hypothesis that traces the origin of emotion. The theory starts by explaining that in the world we live in, people have to respond to experiences. The routine nervous system is the foundation of proceeding psychological episodes for example, perspiration, parchedness of the maw, and strapping nervousness.

Thus, emotions are general feelings that precede a psychological change. That is, experiences and not psychological changes cause emotion. In many times, the theory has been successful in explaining the origin of emotion notwithstanding the bedeviling criticisms. Captivatingly, the two architects of this theory, James and Lange, worked under different platforms but came up with similar findings (James 195-205).

According to Lange, there is no difference between vasomotor changes and emotions. This means that if an individual is laughing, then that person is happy.

On the other hand, James justifies the theory by stating words that echo the sentiments of Lange. He stated, “My theory … is that the bodily changes follow directly the perception of the exciting fact, and that our feeling of the same changes as they occur is the emotion. Common sense says we lose our fortune, are sorry and weep; we meet a bear, are frightened and run; we receive insults from a rival, are angry and strike.

The hypothesis here to be defended says that this order of sequence is incorrect … and that the more rational statement is that we feel sorry because we cry, angry because we strike, afraid because we tremble … Without the bodily states following on the perception, the latter would be purely cognitive in form, pale, colorless, destitute of emotional warmth. We might then see the bear, and judge it best to run, receive the insult and deem it right to strike, but we should not actually feel afraid or angry (Ellsworth 222-229).”

Nevertheless, even with the explanations given by these two scholars of the 19th century, the contemporary scholars have found various weaknesses with this theory. All the same, it is also important to note that some scholars have found some evidences that support the authenticity of this theory. For instance, persons suffering from panic disorders normally undergo psychoemotional ordeal probably due to physiological responses within the body. On the other hand, some scholars feel that the theory does not provide enough information that brings out the real meaning of emotion.

For instance, in the above example of persons experiencing panic disorder, the theory assumes that the responses correlate with a scrupulous emotional state resulting into a psychoemotional ordeal. However, during therapy, experts have found out that there is no association of any kind between the responses and particular emotional states. This means that although the theory has been a success story in explaining the origin of emotion, the experimental aspect of it remains a dark spot especially to modern research.

In some circumstances, some scientists have chosen to advance the James-Lange theory in order to explain the meaning of emotion. Among the very many scientists who chose to advance this theory, include 20th century psychologist, Silvan Tomkins.

Tomkins proposed that emotional experiences or expressions results into sensations, vascular changes and other behavioral changes. Such changes exhibit on the victim’s face and qualitatively display diverse an assortment of emotions. For example, depending on the source of the emotional experience faces can turn sad from happy, or fury to fright.

Tomkins further explained that perceptions about other bodily changes do not provide more information concerning the explicit feelings of emotion. Contrary to the explanation given out by James, Tomkins asserts that other than the three categories of emotions, more categories have evolved each with a definite functional and adaptive role. These functional and adaptive roles exhibit in neural organization and revolve around facial expressions (Ellsworth 224-227).

For instance, some people do not take certain foods because they believe that they are not only dangerous, but also deleterious. This results into emotions of disgust, and in many occasions, whenever these people hear or see these kinds of foods, they open their mouth and push the tongue in and out as an expression of disgust.

Research shows that the response to this disgust has caused a myriad of rejection scenarios, for example, emotion of condescension, where the object is a different individual, and the sentiment of indignity, wherever the object is the one experiencing the response.

Tomkins did a lot of work in itemizing both existing and emerging categories of emotion, and further denoted the resultant facial expression of each category. In addition, the expanded theory describes each emotion comprehensively aimed at explaining the meaning of emotion. Today, many researchers and scholars have found the multi-volume work done by Tomkins of great significance in the study of emotion (Laird 8-36).

In conclusion, the concept of emotion is vast and involves a comprehensive study of various disciplines. This is the reason why various scientists have come up with theories to explain the meaning of emotion. The James-Lange theory is among the very many theories of emotion that explain the origin, evolution and functional roles of emotion. This theory has so far been a success story in the field of psychology, as it explains the meaning of emotion both in literature and in experiment.

Works Cited Dalgleish, Tim. The emotional brain. Nature Perspectives, 5, 2004, 582–589.

Ellsworth, Phoebe. William James and Emotion: Is a Century of Fame worth a Century of Misunderstanding? Psychological Review, (101)2, 1994, 222-229.

Freitas-Magalhães, Armindo. The Psychology of Emotions: The Allure of Human Face. Oporto: University of Fernando Pessoa Press. 2007. Print.

James, William. What is an Emotion? Mind, 9, 1884, 188–205.

Laird, James, Feelings: the Perception of Self, Oxford University Press. 2007. Print.

Myers, David. Theories of Emotion: Psychology. Seventh Edition, New York, NY: Worth Publishers. 2004. Print.

[supanova_question]

Technology Management Strategy Essay best essay help: best essay help

Introduction Any organization has various resources to use in achieving its objectives, technology is one of them and others include financial and human resources. Therefore the organization must consider managing technology to be one of its basic functions, whereby it develops technology strategy just as it does for other functions of marketing, finance and human resources.

s a result the organization will be able to determine; the unique technological competences as well as capabilities that it needs to attain and maintain competitive advantage. It will also be able to determine the technologies it can use to put in to operation the core design concepts and the levels of investment to put in technology.

Analyzing the evolution

[supanova_question]

Importance of the Marketing in Business Report (Assessment) cheap essay help

Marketing can be defined simply as a process of doing market evaluation, selling either goods or services to clients, customers or others who need them. These will also involve doing promotion through such means as advertisement to promote or enhance the amount of goods or services sold.Further,marketing will incorporate various strategies such as sales techniques, business development or even communication.

Through marketing a business will be able to build a good customer rapport and in so doing create better value for the clientele and the business itself. On the other hand, marketing assessment is synonymous with marketing analysis. It can therefore be defined as the analysis of a market for a particular product or service. These include the evaluation of the market trends, doing market studies and also evaluating the competition.

As a local community based organization we have concerns that few young people are involving themselves in exercise, a situation which is a cause for worries.In the process, I was tasked with providing a plan on how best the group which involves itself in the welfare of the young people would go about to establish whether there is any truth in such concerns. This paper outlines the plan on how I would recommend for purposes of assessing the situation (Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

To establish the truth in the matter involves gathering as much information as basically possible from the community around where the group activities reach. The information gathered will touch on infrastructure such as training facilities like courts.

Lack of or even poor infrastructure will lead to few young people involving themselves in exercise since they have no where to train. The data will also touch on man power which is the availability of skilled personnel to train the young people if they decide to go for exercise. The data will also give the demographic details such as age, the geography of the area and also income level.

What the data on demography will do is to provide insight as to why the young people are not involved in exercise which is crucial in their development. The age is to be determined so as to establish the specific age of the ones who are not involved or are partially involved in exercises. If determined, the community group will be able to know the best exercises for the different groups of young people.

By and large, through the data collection the community group will be in a position to establish the truth behind the concerns on involvement in exercise by the young people. The climatic conditions of the area might also be a hindrance to exercise. Income level too can turn young people away especially if they are required to part with money for training in the process of doing the exercise (Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The plan also identifies the problems that are facing the young people in the community. There might be a number of problems facing young people in the target area by the community organization which they also may need to solve. So to establish the truth behind the matter then they need to identify those problems that might not have been known to them before the concerns arose.

These problems might be related to the health situation of the young people since some of them may not be in good health to engage in exercises which require body fitness to sustain the pressure of doing it (Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

The existing awareness by the young people that they should involve themselves in exercises ought to be established too. So it’s crucial to recommend a thorough search on the knowledge they have on the importance of participating in exercise and how they value it in their lifes.These way, the group will be able to know whether the young people angage in exercise.

If they have knowledge on how important exercise is, they should be involved in it and if they lack the knowledge then it becomes hard for them to attach any value to doing exercise. Any shortcomings that the young people associate with doing exercise should also be noted.

These can be lack of efficiency in exercise type or even exorbitant prices that the community group charges in offering the services to the young people for doing the exercise using the facilities that they may have. All these will therefore go along way in establishing the truth behind the concerns raised and in so doing the community group will take the appropriate action deemed fit(Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

The importance of assessing and analyzing the focus of the young people cannot be over-emphasised.It is possible to find young people are involving themselves in activities that are not beneficial to them and therefore lacking time to do exercises. If the group finds that the young people are spending most of their time in clubs or in market centers then they will be able to establish the truth.

Young people may also be involved in income generating activities to support themselves or support their families thus being unable to involve themselves in exercise. The plan for recommendation stresses on the need to look on the activities the young people are involving themselves in and therefore the group will be able to know the truth behind the raised concerns (Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

We will write a custom Assessment on Importance of the Marketing in Business specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It’s also important to establish the expectations of the young people in the exercises and be in a position to know whether they involve themselves or not. Conduct a market search and also research for reviews on what could probably be their ultimate goal if they angage themselves in such activities.

The methods that have been used before to encourage the young people to get into exercise are also to be noted. Methodology is very important in any activity and if the one used before had shortcomings then the possibility of it not having worked is high and so is the failure by young people participation in exercise. The strategies currently being used to compel the young people into exercise is also very instrumental and is good that it be noted in looking to the truth behind the concerns.

Identification of the unique proposition of the group is fundamental so as to discover whether that specific goal of ensuring that young people participate in exercise has been implemented. An answer affirming that it has been undertaken or not will also establish whether its true few young people are participating in exercise (Solomon,Stuart and Marshall 2009).

Reference Solomon, M, Stuart, E and Marshall,G,. 2009. Marketing:Real choices,Real people. 6th Edition. Monmouth Junction, MJ: Prentice hall.

[supanova_question]

Constitutional Amendment Proposal Term Paper essay help online free

Table of Contents Introduction

Consideration of the Current Documents

Good Outcomes of the Amendment

Bad Outcomes When Amendment is adopted

Conclusion

References

Introduction It is certain that constitutional amendments are crucial when eliminating problems in the original document. Amendment 14, especially section three, outlines that nobody would occupy the lawmaking, executive, or legal office if he or she engages in a revolt The section further elaborates that no member of the state legislature, administrative or judicial should engage in a rebellion against the state. Consequently, such a person should leave the office.

However, the constitution only allows a proportion of congress to remove such a person from the office. It is factual that all the officers in the three arms of the administration come into being when citizens vote. The populace of New Jersey enacted such a constitution for their own good (NJL, n.d). Citizens, who are the voters, should also participate in the recall of such officers before the expiry of their terms.

Consideration of the Current Documents Normally, politicians and other public officials pledge what they would deliver when elected to their preferred positions. Citizens should always be able to evict such personalities from the offices when they discover that they are not delivering what they ought to. Citizens should always have a midterm evaluation of the officials in the divisions of the government. Such evaluations ought to gauge what the officers pledged and what the office demands of them as stipulated in the law.

If the populace who elected them to the office deems that they perform below the standards, then they should undertake an election that verifies the recall of such officers. Such moves will eventually clear out unreliable activities, as well as incompetent officers who do not deliver what the office demands (VOP, 2009). On the other hand, the move would eventually lead to the retaining of honest and performing officers in the three branches of the government.

The origin fathers were philosophical about the constitution of the US. They did not desire that a person who behaves rebelliously to the constitution or the country would not be fit to occupy any office. Moreover, they considered any abuse treacherous to the country, as well as the citizens. In a bid to contain such shortcomings, they stipulated some amendments about the modalities of representation and exclusion of such individuals.

Fourteenth amendment forms a basis when considering the proposal of eliminating an officer from any branch of the government (Patterson, 2009). Section two of this amendment outlines the appointment procedures. Furthermore, it elaborates on the number of representatives allocated for an area. Section 3, on the other hand, shuns any person who has been involved in any mischievous activity from becoming prominent in the government.

The two sections; therefore, outlines the allocation of representatives, as well as bearing an office in any branch. Although the sections stipulate a prohibition of misconduct in the executive, judicial, or legislative branches, it does not concentrate on the eviction of the voted officers.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Good Outcomes of the Amendment Adoption of such an amendment has a positive impact on the overall administration of the state. The amendment will enable the officials in the branches of the government to execute their duties in harmony with the constitution and state decrees (Smith, 2007). The legislative branch would make laws without impunity, but upholding the rights of the citizens. The executive would enforce the decrees in accordance with the demands of the citizens.

Consequently, the judicial branch would judge the laws while respecting the needs of the electorates. In general, the amendment would do away with the laxity among the officers. Another positive outcome of the amendment is that citizens would be proactive in the government affairs, thus keeping watch on it. Having the power to recall an officer would prompt people to be keen on the officers’ actions (Patterson, 2009).

Bad Outcomes When Amendment is adopted Proposal and subsequent ratification of such amendment have some setbacks on various individuals. Since priorities change over time in the running of the state, the officers would have different limits to achieve. This amendment is; therefore, not universal for the officers in the branches of the government.

Secondly, it has a severe impact on the House of Representatives since members would be overcautious on their undertakings. This is factual especially on the decisions they make (Patterson, 2009). Moreover, several politicians would be extra scheming and alarmed in special interest clusters. Consequently, avenues for corruption will erupt since some officers would be interested in money.

The legislative division would be extra democratic thus causing the officials to let down civic trust. The amendment would have several loopholes since some citizens would not be honest with the evaluation process on the performance of the officers. This is factual since some would just vote against the officers due to other factors other than the performance of the officer.

Enactment of such amendment requires several modalities thus thwarting the effort. This would only lead to brainwash since efforts go in vain without considerable impacts. Another bad outcome is the over concentration of people on the executive they voted. This would lead to officers serving the interests of the electorates, thus prompting them to overstep the constitution or the terms of office (Patterson, 2009).

Adoption of such amendment would create uneven execution of duties since each state would have a benchmark for evaluating its officials. The incumbent in any of the three branches would fight at preserving his or her seat instead of tackling the needs of the populace. This would lead to divergent views towards the progress of the state. This is factual since the officer would always like to hold his or her political life.

We will write a custom Term Paper on Constitutional Amendment Proposal specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Voters, on the other hand, nationals would be deliberating on whether the incumbent retains the position or another officer takes over. In a bid to retain the position or the office, the officer would try other mischievous means of convincing the voters. This is particularly factual when the officer did not meet the demands of the citizens. This will eventually lead to issues of corruption and other related behaviors.

Conclusion It is realistic that such a proposal and successive ratification of the amendment present thorny issues. The officers would be extra hesitant to ratify the proposal. Some officers have acted treacherously in the past, and some have faced the law while others have escaped the long arms of the law.

This owes to the weakness in the constitution, which does not empower citizens to recall such officers. Even though, the amendment may present some setbacks, it has strong pros that it would be positive in the end. The constitution that only empowers a small section of the society, the congress, to recall disloyal officers infringes on people’s rights. Citizens should thus be empowered to recall untrustworthy officials serving in any branch of the government.

References New Jersey Legislature (NJL). (n.d). Laws and Constitution. Retrieved from: https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/lawsconstitution/consearch.asp

Patterson, T. E. (2009). The American Democracy, 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Smith, R. (2007). The Bill of Rights: Defining Our Freedoms. Minnesota, MN: ABDO.

Voice of the people (VOP). (2009). Non-Partisan Petition to Recall Federal Elected Officials. Web.

[supanova_question]

The Formation of Social Policy Based on Theoretical Assumptions Essay argumentative essay help: argumentative essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

Criminal Justice System and Society

Criminological Theories

Conclusion

References

Introduction Criminal justice system derives its policies from the assumptions of varied criminological theories. There are many criminological theories and their differences lie in the assumptions that give explanations or predictions of crime. Since crime is a social issue that affects everyone in the society, formation of social policies based on the same theoretical assumptions applied in the criminal justice system would enhance public understanding and the control of crime.

Cullen and Agnew assert that,”social policy touches all our lives improving the welfare of all citizens and in particular meeting the needs of those who cannot provide for themselves by addressing social issues such as immigration control, prostitution, drug abuse, domestic violence and poverty” (1999, p. 23).

Concerted efforts of the criminal justice system and social policies offer structural approach of combating crime in the society. This essay examines criminological theories and the development of social policies that are necessary for effective crime control.

Criminal Justice System and Society The development of the social policies has encouraged active participation of the public in combating crime and creation of a safe society. The realization by the criminal justice system that members of the public can participate cooperatively in prevention of crime has led to the formulation of social policies to guide them in their participation.

Blakemore and Griggs argue that, “…connection between crime and social conditions can be altered by forms of social interventions that provide the connection between criminal justice and social policy in terms of the concept of the social control” (2007, p. 60). Incorporation of the members of the public in the criminal justice system through formulation of policies will have significant augmentation in fighting against crime.

Strain theory supports that crime occurs in the society due to the inequalities rather than poverty. For example, the United States of America is a wealthy country thus free from poverty yet she has the highest rates of crime. Knepper argues that, “the strain traditions insists that crime is not brought by poverty so much as inequality because an economic system that prevents participation by some individuals is a relative deprivations that pressurizes them into criminal activity” (2007, p. 25).

Due to economical strains in the society, the less privileged members of the society struggle very hard to meet their needs but since they have no available means of achieving them, they resort to crime as an alternative means of survival. Therefore, criminal justice system and the society should consider the economic inequality as the possible cause of crimes in the society and formulate social policies that will give every member in the society an opportunity to access livelihood.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The current state of unemployment all over the world strains the lives of helpless youths who are potential human resources. The unemployed youths are struggling to make fortune by using all legitimate means; nevertheless, when these means are no longer available, they opt for criminal activities.

According to the opportunistic theory of crime, “…a young person who has decided to pursue an illegitimate route to success could only choose from those illegal activities available within the community … that adults in the neighborhood had already organized” (Knepper, 2007, p. 26).

Since the youths take opportunity of the available criminal activities in a certain community setting, the criminal justice system and the society should identify those criminal activities or gangs set up by adults and eliminate them in the society. If the society becomes free from any criminal gangs and criminal activities, the youths will not seize the opportunity and utilize them in conducting crimes.

Criminological Theories There are several criminological theories including routine activities theory, deterrence theory, rational choice theory, conflict theory, and techniques of neutralization.

The routine activities theory postulates that lack of guardians, presence of a motivated offender and availability of target, are the three elements that prompt occurrence of crime. According to the deterrence theory, “…crime can be controlled through the use of punishment that combines the proper degrees of certainty, severity, and celerity” (Akers

[supanova_question]

Conflicting Views on Abortion Essay (Critical Writing) argumentative essay help

Table of Contents Introduction

The Conservative perspective on Abortion

The Liberal Perspective on Abortion

Feminist perspective on Abortion

Religious Perspective on Abortion

Scientific Perspective

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction Although abortion may be legally permissible in many countries, it is nevertheless a debatable issue regarding its moral permissibility. Different ethical theories have been put forward to provide the moral guidance with regard to abortion most notably, the liberal and conservative perspectives.

The difference that divides the two perspectives concerns the moral status of the fetus and the degree to which the fetus has right to life. However, both of the two perspectives do not regard the role played by the pregnant woman during gestation and the relationships involved during pregnancy between the woman and the fetus. The feminist perspective on the other hand, emphasizes that the woman has a pivotal role in abortion as the fetus occupies her body during the gestation period.

All these perspectives base their arguments on values rather than facts and the fact that the beginning of human life is not clearly defined. However, the scientific perspective answers the question as to when life begins and provides meaningful insights, as at what point human life deserves protection just like any other human individual and for what reasons for protecting its rights.

The Conservative perspective on Abortion The conservative perspective on abortion also called the pro-life perspective proposes that the human fetus is human with a unique set of genetic material (DNA) and therefore has full rights just like any other human being (Sumner 347). The conservatives believe the uniqueness of the DNA is what confers an embryo moral status.

The conservative perspective further states that abortion is homicide and as such not morally permissible. The conservatives believe that the fetus is of the same moral standing as the mother and thus both have equal rights. However, science holds that during the early stages of embryo development the zygote, with its unique set of DNA, can subdivide, and develop into two identical embryos.

This then begs the question as whether identical twins with much similar DNA have moral status. In addition, conservative proponents neglect the rights of the pregnant woman over her body but claim that the woman has no right to terminate the life of another human, based on her interests.

The Liberal Perspective on Abortion The liberal perspective on abortion also called pro-choice view places the decision whether or not to terminate the pregnancy on the woman based on personal health and future. The liberals argue that while the fetus may be human, it lacks the qualities to grant it rights like other human beings (Noonan 98). Liberal perspective thus does not consider the fetus worthy of any rights and protection making abortion morally permissible.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More The liberals place more emphasis on the rights of the woman instead of the fetus. They claim that it is the right of the woman to protect her health, happiness, freedom and therefore, to terminate a pregnancy is justifiable. They oppose the claim from a conservative perspective that fetus has rights by arguing that the fetus resemblance to a person or its potential of becoming a person in future does not warrant it any significant right to life.

The liberal perspective, however, does not provide a proper moral guidance to the woman faced with a decision of whether or not to procure an abortion. It does not consider the moral conflict faced by the woman in making this decision, instead; it allows the woman to exercise autonomy over her body giving her the freedom of choice (Sherwin 96).

The liberals’ view that the fetus has no rights as the sole basis for the choice to abort or not, does not provide moral justification for abortion, because it neglects the relationships involved in the pregnancy by merely giving the liberty to terminate pregnancy.

Feminist perspective on Abortion The feminist view on abortion acknowledges the deep relationship developed between the woman and the fetus during pregnancy. It further argues that the woman has moral responsibility over the fetus founded on the relationship developed during gestation (Sherwin 199).

This accounts for the concerns that women have when faced with the decision whether to procure an abortion or not. The feminist perspective considers other factors such as the women’s feelings about the fetus, the relationship of the woman and her partner and her obligations in the family as a basis for making a decision to or not to terminate a pregnancy.

Both the feminists and liberals hold the opinion that a woman has the right of choice during a pregnancy. However, they differ in the sense that the feminists focus on the woman while the liberals focus on the fetus. The liberals also do not consider the mother-fetus relationships during pregnancy.

Sherwin contradicts the liberal perspective by arguing that from a feminist point of view the fetus is morally significant but not absolutely (101). On the other hand, the liberal view disregards social factors that are also important during a pregnancy like personal health or the plans of the woman. Both the liberal and the conservative perspectives do not consider the relationship of the mother and the fetus nor the social factors involved.

We will write a custom Critical Writing on Conflicting Views on Abortion specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Religious Perspective on Abortion The religious views on abortion oscillate between extreme views where abortion is an act of murder to moderate views where abortion is a necessary act depending on the circumstances. The religious perspective covers wide issues taking into account not only the rights of the fetus but also the status and rights of the mother.

All the major religions provide moral guidance regarding abortion based on religious texts and human reasoning. Most religions consider abortion a sin and therefore, not morally permissible. However, some religions place more significance on the status and rights of the woman more than on the fetus and therefore, suggest that abortion is permissible under some circumstances.

Scientific Perspective Science attempts to answer the question as to when human life begins, which is important in determining the moral permissibility of abortion. The abortion debate is on moral values rather than on facts, (Keith and Tony 33).The scientific perspective provides clear evidence as to when human life begins in an attempt to end the abortion debate.

According to a universally accepted scientific criteria, the sperm-egg fusion leads to the formation of a zygote approximately 24 hours after fertilization. The Zygote soon after its formation begins a sequence of events that facilitate further embryo development. This is uncharacteristic of the either the sperm cell or the egg separately therefore making the zygote characteristic of a human organism.

However, the point at which fertilization (sperm-egg fusion) ends and zygote becomes human otherwise known, as syngamy, is debatable. After the binding of the sperm and the egg during fertilization, the membranes of the two cells fuse forming a hybrid cell, the zygote that contains two different genetic materials.

In the zygote the DNA contributed by the sperm and the egg undergo modification to enable it to participate in further embryonic development. This is unique to the zygote making it different from the sperm or the egg. The events point to the evidence that the fusion process creates a new cell, a human cell (Keith and Tony 34).

The question that remains unanswered is whether this human cell is an individual human organism and therefore deserves recognition. An organism possesses many complex organs that are interdependent to allow an organism to carry out the activities of life. A human cell in contrast, contains the genetic material but has no complex organization.

Syngamy refers to the process that marks the onset of a new cell; the zygote, that to some extent is different from the sperm and egg. However, it does not provide sufficient scientific evidence to show that the new cell so formed is a new human being and such accorded special rights and protection. This leaves the question as to when do human life begin and when is it appropriate to procure an abortion; a matter for the ethicists.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Conflicting Views on Abortion by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion The issue of moral permissibility of abortion is controversial and consequently, arouses much debate. Different perspectives base their arguments on flawed views that cannot entirely justify abortion. The scientific perspective provides explanation as to when the fetus becomes human and therefore deserves rights as any human being.

From the evidence adduced through scientific research, the ethicists and other concerned parties can make informed decisions regarding abortion without infringement on the rights of the mother or of the unborn child.

Works Cited Keith, Moore and Tony, Persaud. The Developing Human. Philadelphia: Saunders-Elsevier, 2003: 31-35.

Noonan, John. An Almost Absolute Value in History. Toronto: Wadsworth Publishing.2005: 98-103

Sherwin, Susan. Abortion Through A Feminist Ethics. Canada: McGraw-Hill Ryerson.2005: 95-108

[supanova_question]

Climate Change, Severe Weather, and Human Health As theeffects of climate change are observed, it is important tocontinue gathering information in order to determine risks and plan appropriate interve best essay help: best essay help

On the Home Page of the CDC http://www.cdc.gov  selectNatural Disasters and Severe Weather.  There are separate sections for: Earthquakes, Extreme Heat, Floods, Hurricanes, Landslides and Mudslides, Lightning, Tornadoes, Tsunamis,Volcanoes, Wildfires, Winter Weather
Other relevant sites:                                                                                                                     U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)  http://www.noaa.gov       Also through NOAA there is access to The National Hurricane Center  http://www.nhc.noaa.gov and The National Weather Service http://www.weather.gov                                               Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)  http://www.fema.gov
1. (a) What is the typical length of the Hurricane Season each year i.e. the start and end dates?
(b)  Briefly describe the role of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
(c)  Why might people not evacuate prior to an extreme weather event?  What is the potential impact of social factors on evacuation for a hurricane?
2.  Please see CDC Natural Disasters and Severe Weather then read the section on Extreme Heat. 
(a) What has happened in Louisiana in the aftermath ofHurricane Ida? 
(b) Briefly describe one general approach to protecting people from extreme heat. How can government and other agencies plan for, and provide appropriate services and interventions?
(c) In 2-3 sentences describe one example of a population group which may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of extreme heat, and the reason(s) for the vulnerability.
(d)  How does the mortality due to extreme heat compare with other examples of weather-related hazards?

[supanova_question]

Kathleen McNamara’s “Constructing Authority in the European Union” Essay (Critical Writing) cheap essay help: cheap essay help

Introduction Governance is a process where a government effectively exercises its constitutional authority and utilizes its resources adequately. The problems and affairs are collectively overseen by international organizations, government of countries and World organizations like; United Nations (UN), World Health Organization (WHO), African Union (AU) and European Union (EU) respectively.

In the course of governing the globe, all the super powers that participate in this process make and implement policies that are beneficial to its citizens, government or corporate organizations. These benefits are either political or financial.

This essay will constructively criticize Kathleen McNamara’s article “constructing authority in the European Union” which tries to portray the EU as illegitimate and a taken for granted political entity.

Furthermore, the essay will analyze the importance of the EU as a global governor and the dividends which Europeans enjoy through this respected and important organization. This article critique is intended to acquaint the reader with the writer’s perspective regarding globalization and the management of the globe in a globalized age. (McNamara, 154)

The European Union as a Global Governor The European Union has by every legitimate means contributed immensely to the growth of both member states of the union and the entire globe. The EU is regarded as one of the most powerful and successful political innovations in the world. It has 27 member states with its powerful presence recognized in a lot of political spheres. (McNamara, 153)

Despite the EU’s reputation, writer Kathleen McNamara thinks otherwise. This brings to mind the question; what is McNamara’s perimeter for measuring success? Also important, one begins to wonder about McNamara’s source of information and how reliable or authentic these sources are.

It is important to note that, there is no reliable and scholarly authority that supports McNamara’s argument and this implies that, the article “constructing authority in the European Union” is merely a personal opinion of McNamara. Regardless of the fact that every individual is entitled to his/her own opinion about any issue, McNamara’s argument about the EU could be termed as dogmatic.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More A literal example of this could be seen in the argument about the EU’s passport. The ability of the EU to successfully establish a standardized passport is a milestone achievement and a bold step in the right direction. This step is already emulated by the African Union and this clearly shows that, the EU regardless of McNamara’s argument had done something useful and worth emulating. (McNamara, 171)

The EU has its significant presence in the world trade organization (WTO) and other formal international forums like the G-8. The world trade organization and the G-8 are reputable and formal international forums that have contributed a lot to the growth of the entire world through policy making. These forums consist of scholars, reputable politicians and intelligent policy makers from different nations around the world.

If the EU was a taken for granted political entity as McNamara tries to describe it, serious minded international forums like the G-8 which has world powers like United States of America (USA), China and a host of other countries as members would not have recognized the EU presence in its forum. These examples show that the EU has clearly been a significant and seriously taken political entity not only in Europe but the entire world at large. (McNamara, 156)

Criticizing Kathleen McNamara’s argument about the European Union (EU) Kathleen McNamara’s arguments, opinions and interpretations of EU’s policies are definitely misplaced. The EU as an entity, does not function alone and policies of the EU are widely recognized and respected throughout the world which is an indication that the EU is not a taken for granted political entity. This renders all the arguments and sources of McNamara null and void.

In McNamara’s article “constructing authority in the European Union”; the writer tries to describe the EU as an illegitimate political entity since its legitimacy is contested by certain people. McNamara feels legitimate authority means achieving a significant level of acceptance without coercion. (McNamara, 153) But it is important for the reader to note at this point that, there is no single policy, law or decision, be it legitimate or not that is unanimously accepted by people.

This means that, it is literally impossible for any organization to make decisions or policies that will be unanimously accepted by everybody involved. A lot of policies made in the past by other international organizations were also challenged or contested; the power and transparency of the United Nations has consistently been challenged too. But never in history has contesting the position of an organization been used as a yardstick to measure such an organization’s legitimacy.

Therefore, using a group of people’s opinion as a yardstick to contest the EU’s legality is totally absurd. More so, since the inception of the EU, it has only experienced an increment in the number of its member states which stands currently at 27. If the EU was coercive as McNamara tries to describe it, its membership would have decreased instead of steadily increasing. It is expected that McNamara would have taken into cognizance all this facts before concluding that the EU is illegitimate and coercive. (McNamara, 157)

We will write a custom Critical Writing on Kathleen McNamara’s “Constructing Authority in the European Union” specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another argument by McNamara which lacks substantial evidence to support the writer’s thesis is referring to the EU as an elite project without mass participation in decision making. McNamara ought to have known better but the writer prefers to lurk in the dark about the EU, obviously blinded by personal opinions. With 27 member states and making decisions and policies that affect over 200 million Europeans, the reference to the European Union an elite project is totally absurd and terrible. (McNamara, 172)

Conclusion Writer Kathleen McNamara obviously used unreliable sources with distorted facts and half truths to write the article “constructing authority in the European union”. The writer’s argument is dogmatic as aforementioned with no substantial evidence to support the argument. The article was more or less written from McNamara’s personal opinion and the article can therefore, be classified as a mere expression of the writer’s opinion.

Issues like the EU passport had been embedded with the words “European Union” on it are trivial besides the AU also has its passport embedded with the words “African Union”. Furthermore, if the European Union decides to depart from the modern age model of political authority been tied closely to sovereign or territorial states and a new model works effectively for the EU, then McNamara has no reason to criticize such a decision. (McNamara, 174)

Considering the number of years that the EU has been in existence and it’s ever increasing membership; it can be logically concluded that the EU has solid significant cultural foundations that are important and significant to Europeans no matter what McNamara thinks.

Works Cited McNamara, Kathleen. Constructing authority in European Union: Chicago: Regency, 2007. Print

[supanova_question]

Steroids Position Paper Essay custom essay help

Introduction By definition, steroids are artificial or natural composites that assist in controlling definite body functions. They are categorized in two groups namely anabolic steroids and androgenic steroids.Anabolic steroids are the most common one, which is utilized by sportspersons to enhance their performance in sporting.

In light of exploration and subjective reports regarding whether to use steroids or not for bodybuilding reasons, it appears there are unquestionably two distinct groups and every camp with primarily divergent viewpoints concerning the advantages and disadvantages of using steroids.

Each group has come out strongly to defend their positions with yes group arguing that enhancing performance benefits that steroid brings outweighs the side effects while the anti-group have stated numerous reasons to discourage sportspersons from using them.

When you think critically as an athlete, can your health be compared with merely winning a race? Of course, not health is more important that is why I am against using steroids to enhance performance. All athletes should think about the harm they are doing to their body and their general health before using steroids

Steroids are harmful and should only be used when a medical doctor recommends instances such as treatment of osteoporosis, impotence, anemia, and breast cancer regulation and enhance weight loss when patient losses too much weight (Lewis 2).We also have steroid creams, which come in handy in dealing with specific skin and irritating situations. Much as there numerous medical applications of steroids, their use in medicinal applications has been limited, as a result of possible side effects that come with their use.

Therefore, generally speaking, steroids are not good for use as it leads to the numerous adverse effects. According to Lewis, people who use steroids have higher chances of developing heart diseases, stokes, interior body bleeding, virus-related infections, liver tumor and general weakening of immune systems(3). With such health complications, risk factor is increased, life expectancy is decreased the users may die earlier than non-users.

Another dark side of steroids is that they lead to hormone imbalances, particularly in teenagers who may already be having issues with hormones. With use of anabolic steroids, it may result in contracting of testicles,breasts, and low semen count. For girls, it may lead to small breast, being more of a man like deeper voice and disproportionately growth of body hair for instance growing beards.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Additional, with abuse of steroids, it affects individual growth and may result into an individual remaining short for the rest of theirlife (Robinson 3). Such issues affect ones’ self-esteem and affect their performance even in class.

Steroids are addictive. There use will force users to continue a costly drug custom and should they stop using them abruptly, they will have to face withdrawal symptoms such as sleeplessness, tiredness, anxiety, mood swings, appetite loss, and steroid cravings (Lewis 4).

Most of people who stop using similarly undergo depression mostly years after stopping to an extent committing suicide becomes their only better option. Sometime as they try to control side effects associated with use of steroids, they try out other drugs or medicines, which in many cases can simply leading to use of hard-core drug making the situation worse.

Continued use of steroids leads to false impression and mania and in the end; they transform a humble and mild mannered individual into a violent murderous fanatic or mania commonly referred to as ‘roid rage’. Another factor about anabolic steroids that people have continued to ignore is the fact that they are illegal under the penal code. They are categorized as controlled material and registered pharmacists under doctor’s recommendation can only retail them. Therefore, if anyone gets them via other means, they risk being jailed.

The misconception about bodybuilding and steroid could be the reason why people abuse steroid. People are made to believe that by simply taking steroids, it will enhance their muscles and make them ‘muscular’ and built. The truth is that even after taking them, one need to do bodybuilding workouts and lift weights before attaining desired physique.

Steroids alone will never to do that but instead waste peoples’ general fitness. Even though to some extent, steroid may assist in improving physical appearance, if correctly executed, bodybuilding aerobics will give similar outcomes without any harmful side effect (Lynn 2).

We have anothergroup, which has argued that steroids use is not bad provided they are taken under a medical doctor’s management. There justification is based on the fact that steroids improve individuals’ healthiness and well-being and, certainly, be the leaders as far as bodybuilding accomplishment is concerned.

We will write a custom Essay on Steroids Position Paper specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Those who support use of steroid do not seem to understand moral quandaries that come with use of steroids and in their opinion, bodybuilding success is an indication of advancement and they should continue using so as to excel in sports or bodybuilding. Furthermore, they argue that “given steroids are synthetically derived versions of the natural male sex-hormone testosterone, it is thought they could actually assist the male who, for whatever reason, experiences declining levels of this hormone” (Lynn3).

In myview steroid should only be used for limited medical applications under doctor’s direction and if an alternative can found, it should be used instead of using steroid. This is because even when used for medicinal purposes and in small quantities, steroids might lead to permanent harm to the patient, even if the patient discontinues using them.In addition, for those who abuse steroid for bodybuilding and performance enhancement purposes face severe consequences and they must stop using them.

Just to mention a few, the use of steroid leads to negative effects such heart diseases, liver cancer, low sperm count, interior body bleeding, strokes and general weakening of the body immune system. Moreover, steroids lead hormone imbalances leading to shrunken testicles and breasts for boys while girls it may lead to small breast, being more of a man like deeper voice and disproportionately growth of body hair for instance growing beards.

Finally, it leads to addiction, which is an expensive habit to maintain,and this is coupled with high chances of being jailed is caught. It is better to avoid using steroids and try doing physical exercise to enhance physical appearance since it reality steroids alone will not give you that muscular appearance you are dreaming out but properly executed bodybuilding aerobics does.

There is noteworthy reason as to why someone should use steroid since the side effects are more and therefore people should abstain from using steroid. The secret is exercises consistently and correctly, eat a well balanced diet and you will a health physical appearance. Steroids will offer a momentary solution, but you may death is not something you can tradeoff with just enhancing physical appearance.

Works Cited Lewis, Liz.5 reasons not to take anabolic steroids. Bliss Tress,15 Dec. 2007. Web.

Lynn,Michy.Steroid use and abuse: The good, bad, and ugly of steroid abuse. Yahoo Inc., 16 October 2006. Web.

Robinson,David. The Anthony Catanzaro approach to natural bodybuilding: The pros

[supanova_question]

Hopi Education Theories and Practices Essay essay help site:edu: essay help site:edu

Pedagogical Theories Identified in Hopi Life The early education of Hopi culture was to encourage a worldview integrity without which knowledge could indeed become dangerous and dreadful. The educational theories which can be identified in Hopi life include behavioral learning, cognitive learning, and social learning theories. Each theory enabled the youth to learn more about the world and concepts typical of their own culture and related issues. Experience was an integral apet of the Hopi culture as young people learnt different concepts as soon as they encountered those.

Theories: Behavioral Learning Theory

This theory has its focus on stimuli and responses that can be readily observed. This process was used by older individuals within the surroundings of children, so that as soon as Hopi children reached maturity kinship reactions were embedded in their thinking, feeling and everyday life and were part of him just as sleeping and eating.

The Hopi were not merely informed that rules of behavior were wise but rather they lived with them as they grew up and became a part of their environment which is very different from the American separation of teaching at home at school and during Sunday school. “But I am still a child. A lost child. I cannot find my way. Where is the pathway of peace? Where can I find the harmony of the true Hopi?” (Qoyawayma 3).

Theories: Cognitive Learning Theory

The process of acquisition is combined with remembering facts and related information, and application of this information in practice is usually referred to as a cognitive learning theory. What is learned and internalized in infancy and early childhood can resist any contact situations.

The Young Hopi children are taught cultural values through the use of stories. One of the first stories which were told to Hopi youth by their elders was that of the blue corn or sakwapqa’ö. The most important aspect to consider in the traditional education system of the Hopi people is the emotional commitment involved in this particular type of process which enabled them to resist cultural change (Eggan 1956: 347).

This theory was used for teaching young people of the Hopi society to cognate the world. From birth, the young of the household were attended to and disciplined mildly for the first several years by their relatives in addition to their mother and visitors whom were in the home (Egan 1956: 349).

Theories: Social Learning Theory

Social context presupposes acquisition and application of knowledge. The Hopi people received education from their families where adult members had the responsibility of educating young. Stories which were told in Hopi culture pointed to improper behavior as the source of crop failure or sickness.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More This effects were clearly seen and understood by all the children of the village. It was the belief of Hopi people that each person in the group is responsible for what happens to all. If one child disobeys and does something bad, every child of the clan may receive a punishment (Eggan 356)

Cultural Values or Ideas Being Supported Clan Identity

In addition to extended families, Hopi people belonged to one tribe in which they were born. A Hopi was a child of his father’s clan and this group took a lively interest in him (Eggan 354). Identity is an important part of Hopi culture, especially with regard to clan membership. The relationships similar to the ones between family members are binding forces for the members of the clan which is also the center of the tribe.

The clans hold the Hopi villages together and provides a singular Hopi identity (Ancestral.com). Women are treated differently than in western countries because children become the members of a wife’s rather than a husband’s clan. Children are named by the women who belong to the father’s clan (Apache tracker.com) “A baby never depended on only his physical mother. “Many arms gave him comfort” (Eggan 353)

Wisdom

Hopi wisdom encourages a hopi to speak truth and warns them against looking outside themselves for a leader as they all have leadership qualities within them. The Hopi people are encouraged to be courageous. As reported by Eloise, Hopi elders consider the counsciousness of an individual as something that is not posessesd by this person until he/she comprehends and acknowledges spiritual responsibility.

Corn Relationships and Human Being

Corn has a great significance among the Hopi people because it sustains them both physically and spiritually given that they lived in an area where food was often scarce. Corn was a great source of nutrition with all important minerals and elements and was available when other products were scarce. Members of the Hopi society learned to make other products like piki and cake-like food using corn. People of hopi tribes believed that corn was given to them by deity of flora and spirits of different natural phenomena (Ancestral.com).

Corn plays a major role in the everyday life of the Hopi as well as in ceremonial life. According to the tradition related to corn, a nice-shaped ear of corn was placed into a medicinal bowl located on the alter for ceremonial purposes; preceding this, this ear was decorated with jewels and feathers. The ritual included purification of people who took part in the ceremony by sprinkling them and ceremony-related objects with meals made of corn.

Additionally, to prevent enemies and undesirable guests from enetering the territory of the tribe, corn could be placed across the road (Ancestral.com). The Hopi people believed that corn was an indication that life is a planting, a growing, and harvesting and that prayers are physical things when appropriately conceived capable of coming to plentiful fulfillment and seedtime (Qoyawayma 8).

We will write a custom Essay on Hopi Education Theories and Practices specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Child Naming

Names are important among the Hopi people as they help in identification of the members of this tribe. During the birth of a Hopi baby, the Hopi culture provides that the infant and the mother should be isolated inside a dark house for a period of 20 days. The mother is required to place two ears of corn next to the cradle and remain close to the infant until the day of the naming ceremony takes.

The paternal grandmother was required by the Hopi culture to give a blessing to the child before the other family members on the morning of the child naming ceremony. The blessing was given using sacred ears. The child was given a hand made quilt by the grandmother before the other members are allowed to offer the baby their quilts.

In case of a large family, the baby could end up with several names and quilts. The parents of the new born child then make a selection of the name to be used from among the suggested names. After becoming a member of another religious society such as the Kachina society, the Hopi people made provisions to change the names of newly-initiated people (Ancestral.com).

Responsibilities in Hopi Clan

Men and women had in Hopi society were assigned different responsibilities. Hopi men were expected to hunt deers in order to obtain meat as well as hides and bones for clothing and tools. Women in this society baked cornbread and gathered fruit and herbs. Most of the agricultural field work with the exception of corn planting which is a community event in which both men and women participate was carried out by men. In contrast to other societies, the arts of weaving and leatherwork were not only done by women, but men as well.

Religion: Kachina Dolls

Education of children was performed by parents who used Kachina dolls to explain diffent concepts of life. The Kachina dolls enabled the children in Hopi society to understand the importance of Kachinas in tribal ceremonies (SR Publications 2008: n.p.).

Good Heartedness

The Hopi believe that the dark-hearted people will be eliminated and the good hearted ones walking with the One will continue this world. The religion teaches that all distress from crop failure to illnesses is as a result of bad hearts.

A good heart is a positive thing which should never go out of a Hopi’s mind (Eggan 1956: 360) only those people who have good hearts are effective in prayer resulting in constant probing of the heart. Oh, for a heart as pure as pollen on corn blossom, and for life as sweet as honey gathered from the flowers” (Qoyawayma 5)

Art as a Medium of Instruction

The Hopi have expressed their artistic skills in form of jewelry, pottery, painting, textiles, and basket making. The Hopi people were able to communicate their dreams, visions, and beliefs through their artistic skills. The artistic skills on pots told a stories which taught the young members of the society (Faulstich 2008: n.p.).

Not sure if you can write a paper on Hopi Education Theories and Practices by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Ancestral.com. Information on Hopi Culture. Web.

Apache Tracker. Hopi Culture. February 23, 2011. Accessed http://apachetracker.blogspot.com/

Eggan, Dorothy. Instruction and affect in Hopi cultural continuity. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 12 (4)(1956): 347-370.

Eloise, Hart. Wisdom teachings of the Hopi. Sunrise Magazine, October/November 1990.

Faulstich, Paul. Ethnocology. Environmental Studies,148, 2008. Web.

Hopi-Songs of the Forth World [Film]. 58 min. Dir. Ferrero Pat. Distributed by New Day Films.

Qoyawayma, Polingaysi. No turning back: A Hopi woman’s struggle to live in two worlds Squidoo.com. Quilting and the Hopi. February 23, 2011. Accessed https://hubpages.com/art/Hopi-Quilting

SR Publications. Hopi: Songs of the Forthworld. 2008. Web.

[supanova_question]

Military Draft: Arguments for and Against Research Paper essay help online free

Table of Contents Introduction

Arguments In Favor of Military Draft

Arguments Against Military Draft

Conclusion

Works Cited

Introduction While the all-volunteer military force established in 1973 by the US has been adequate up to the end of the last century, recent events have resulted in the over stretching of the military forces of the country.

These events have been in the form of the ongoing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan; both of which have resulted in the deployment of thousands of US troops. This has resulted in some policy makers giving consideration to reinstating a military draft to increase the military forces numbers therefore relieving the armed forces of the pressures that they currently face.

These propositions have been met by mostly negative reactions by the American public who deem a military draft as a violation of their civil liberties. However, the US faces multiple wars and increasing threats from hostile nations leading to a high demand for a bigger army. These realities seem to dictate that a reinstatement of a military draft may be in the best interest of the US. This paper shall set out to argue that a military draft should be reinstated since it holds numerous merits for the country.

Arguments In Favor of Military Draft A military draft will result in a situation whereby all citizens will be required to serve the country in an equitable manner. This will result in a sense of patriotism and loyalty by the army personnel. As it currently stands, military service is viewed as a way to make a living. It can therefore be alluded that most of the people enlist to the army as a means of employment rather than from a sense of duty to the country.

Asher reveals that in 18th century France, the army was made up mainly of enlisted personnel who joined the army to avoid poverty, unemployment or the law (3). In effect, this army had a severe desertion problem and there was lack of loyalty since the soldiers were little more than mercenaries. However, when conscription was introduced where all French men and women were eligible for mandatory military service, the draft was regarded as a republican duty and hence loyalty increased and desertion decreased.

Defending the country should be the civic responsibility of every citizen of the country. As it currently stands, the United State’s army is mostly composed of minorities and the working class. Dickinson reveals that African-Americans who make up approximately 13% of the population form about 22% of the armed forces (49).

The author goes on to note that recruits mostly hail from the “middle and lower-middle socioeconomic strata” (49). This clearly points out that the military does not have an equal representation from all levels of the society but rather is made up mostly of minorities and the working class.

Get your 100% original paper on any topic done in as little as 3 hours Learn More Rangel Charles, a politician in favor of the draft quips that the current all-volunteer system is unjust and immoral since “it shouldn’t be just the poor and the working poor who find their way into harm’s way” (Dickinson 49).By reintroducing the military draft, this situation would be changed since all members of the society would be forced to participate in military service in an equal manner.

A military draft would result in more public involvement in the activities of the military. As it currently stands, most citizens are apathetic to the military and their only concern is how military activities affect their taxation. As a result of this non-committal nature, politicians do not have to seek popular approval before committing troops to battle.

Weisberg best illustrates this by noting that in 2006, 3 years after the Iraq war had began, the US did not feel like a nation at war even though American troops had been killed and maimed in battle up to the date. Dickinson states that a society wide draft would result in more families and politicians having their children or kin in the military (49). This would result in greater deliberations before sending the soldiers into battle since the human sacrifice being made in war would be greater felt (Bardes, Shelley and Schmidt 516).

In addition to this, military draft would result in greater political fallout from unpopular wars since people would be more willing to take onto the streets to demonstrate against the war. The huge anti-war sentiments expressed by American’s following the Vietnam War in 1965 were as a direct result of the military draft that was in place at the time.

Arguments Against Military Draft A major argument advanced by opponents to military draft is that this system results in forcing of people to serve in an army against their wills. For these opponents, “the draft is a form of slavery and individuals surrender part of life when called to serve” (Asher 21).

While military drafts evoke negative images of being forced to fight for one’s country against your will, Asher notes that the concept of conscription can trace its roots back to ancient Greece where “all citizens enjoyed the benefits of freedom in exchange for their obligation to defend the sate” (3). From this, it can be seen that a military draft is in reality a system where the citizens are afforded the chance to fight for their country.

Another argument against military draft is that it would degrade the military’s performance greatly therefore making it less effective. Bandow states that conscription would lower the level of the US military since it would require the induction of less qualified personnel who are rejected in the all-volunteer system of present time (1).

We will write a custom Research Paper on Military Draft: Arguments for and Against specifically for you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This ideal is corroborated by a retired general, Sullivan, who declares that “the army prefers high quality volunteers to mixed quality draftees” This argument is faulty since as it currently stands, the US military does not necessarily get the “best” applications for service. As it currently stands, there is a shortage of young men and women willing to serve despite the increase in need for service men in the military (Kagan and O’Hanlon, 11).

Dickinson reveals that Pentagon is having problems attracting enough recruits to maintain current troop levels and in desperation, the army has lowered standards leading to 25% more high school dropouts being let into the army (50). The argument that conscription will lower the standards of the army therefore fails to hold true in light of this revelations.

Conclusion This paper set out to argue that a military draft is needed to ensure in the US. To reinforce this assertion, this paper has discussed the merits that military draft would have to the military as well as the society as a whole. Reinstating the military draft would result in equal representation from all levels of the society therefore leading to more citizen involvement in military affairs and hence accountability by politicians.

A military draft would also strengthen the US military in numbers which would be desirable since the US is facing a much dangerous world today and the all-volunteer military is simply too small to meet the global demands that the US military faces.

Works Cited Asher, Robbie. Draft or volunteer army: our nation’s best interest. U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, 2008.

Bandow, Doug. “Fighting the war against terrorism: Elite forces, yes; conscripts, no”. Policy Analysis, No. 430, April 2002.

Bardes, Barbara., Shelley, Mack and Schmidt, Steffen. American Government and Politics Today. Cengage Learning, 2008. Print.

Dickinson, Tim. “The return of the draft”. Rolling Stone, New York, Is. 967: Feb 10, 2005.

Not sure if you can write a paper on Military Draft: Arguments for and Against by yourself? We can help you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kagan, Fredrick and O’Hanlon, Michael. Increasing the Size and power of the U.S. Military. The Brookings Institution, 2008.

Sullivan, Gordo. “Washington Tightwads Are Creating a Hollow Military,” Wall Street Journal, 22 September 1998.

Weisberg, Jacob. “The Gross Unfairness of an All Volunteer Army.” Slate Magazine, 22 March 2006.

[supanova_question]